Graves Kristi D, Huerta Elmer, Cullen Jennifer, Kaufman Elizabeth, Sheppard Vanessa, Luta George, Isaacs Claudine, Schwartz Marc D, Mandelblatt Jeanne
Department of Oncology, Cancer Control Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, 20007, USA,
Cancer Causes Control. 2008 Dec;19(10):1373-82. doi: 10.1007/s10552-008-9209-7. Epub 2008 Aug 15.
To describe breast cancer risk perceptions, determine risk comprehension, and evaluate mammography adherence among Latinas.
Latina women age >or=35, primarily from Central and South America, were recruited from community-based clinics to complete in-person interviews (n = 450). Risk comprehension was calculated as the difference between numeric perceived risk and Gail risk score. Based on recommended guidelines from the year data were collected (2002), mammography adherence was defined as having a mammogram every one to two years for women >or=40 years of age.
Breast cancer risk comprehension was low, as 81% of women overestimated their risk and only 6.9% of women were high risk based on Gail risk scores. Greater cancer worry and younger age were significantly associated with greater perceived risk and risk overestimation. Of women age eligible for mammography (n = 328), 29.0% were non-adherent to screening guidelines. Adherence was associated with older age, (OR = 2.99, 95% CI = 1.76-5.09), having insurance (OR = 1.81, 95% CI = 1.03-3.17), greater acculturation (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.02-1.36), and higher breast cancer knowledge (OR = 2.03, 95% CI = 1.21-3.40).
While most Latinas over-estimated their breast cancer risk, older age, having insurance, being more acculturated, and having greater knowledge were associated with greater screening adherence in this Latino population. Perceived risk, risk comprehension, and cancer worry were not associated with adherence. In Latinas, screening interventions should emphasize knowledge and target education efforts at younger, uninsured, and less acculturated mammography-eligible women.
描述拉丁裔女性对乳腺癌风险的认知，确定其风险理解能力，并评估她们对乳房X光检查的依从性。
从社区诊所招募年龄大于或等于35岁、主要来自中美洲和南美洲的拉丁裔女性，进行面对面访谈（n = 450）。风险理解能力通过数字感知风险与盖尔风险评分之间的差异来计算。根据收集数据的年份（2002年）的推荐指南，乳房X光检查依从性定义为年龄大于或等于40岁的女性每1至2年进行一次乳房X光检查。
乳腺癌风险理解能力较低，因为81%的女性高估了自己的风险，而根据盖尔风险评分，只有6.9%的女性属于高风险。更大的癌症担忧和更年轻的年龄与更高的感知风险和风险高估显著相关。在符合乳房X光检查条件的女性（n = 328）中，29.0%未遵守筛查指南。依从性与年龄较大（OR = 2.99，95%CI = 1.76 - 5.09）、有保险（OR = 1.81，95%CI = 1.03 - 3.17）、更高的文化适应程度（OR = 1.18，95%CI = 1.02 - 1.36）以及更高的乳腺癌知识水平（OR = 2.03，95%CI = 1.21 - 3.40）相关。
虽然大多数拉丁裔女性高估了她们患乳腺癌的风险，但在这个拉丁裔人群中，年龄较大、有保险、文化适应程度更高以及知识水平更高与更高的筛查依从性相关。感知风险、风险理解能力和癌症担忧与依从性无关。对于拉丁裔女性，筛查干预应强调知识，并将教育工作针对更年轻、未参保且文化适应程度较低的符合乳房X光检查条件的女性。
