Singer Murray
University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
Mem Cognit. 2009 Oct;37(7):976-84. doi: 10.3758/MC.37.7.976.
In manipulations of stimulus strength between lists, a more lenient signal detection criterion is more frequently applied to a weak than to a strong stimulus class. However, with randomly intermixed weak and strong test probes, such a criterion shift often does not result. A procedure that has yielded delay-based within-list criterion shifts was applied to strength manipulations in recognition memory for categorized word lists. When participants made semantic ratings about each stimulus word, strength-based criterion shifts emerged regardless of whether words from pairs of categories were studied in separate blocks (Experiment 1) or in intermixed blocks (Experiment 2). In Experiment 3, the criterion shift persisted under the semantic-rating study task, but not under rote memorization. These findings suggest that continually adjusting the recognition decision criterion is cognitively feasible. They provide a technique for manipulating the criterion shift, and they identify competing theoretical accounts of these effects.
在不同列表间进行刺激强度的操控时，相较于强刺激类别，更宽松的信号检测标准更常应用于弱刺激类别。然而，当弱测试探针和强测试探针随机混用时，这种标准转变通常不会出现。一种已产生基于延迟的列表内标准转变的程序被应用于对分类单词列表的识别记忆中的强度操控。当参与者对每个刺激词进行语义评级时，无论来自类别对的单词是在单独的组块中学习（实验1）还是在混合组块中学习（实验2），都会出现基于强度的标准转变。在实验3中，标准转变在语义评级学习任务下持续存在，但在死记硬背任务下则不存在。这些发现表明，持续调整识别决策标准在认知上是可行的。它们提供了一种操控标准转变的技术，并且识别了对这些效应的相互竞争的理论解释。
