Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA.
Microsc Res Tech. 2011 Jul;74(7):671-81. doi: 10.1002/jemt.20907. Epub 2010 Aug 23.
Imaging of cellular structure and extended tissue in biological materials requires nanometer resolution and good sample penetration, which can be provided by current full-field transmission X-ray microscopic techniques in the soft and hard X-ray regions. The various capabilities of full-field transmission X-ray microscopy (TXM) include 3D tomography, Zernike phase contrast, quantification of absorption, and chemical identification via X-ray fluorescence and X-ray absorption near edge structure imaging. These techniques are discussed and compared in light of results from the imaging of biological materials including microorganisms, bone and mineralized tissue, and plants, with a focus on hard X-ray TXM at ≤ 40-nm resolution.
生物材料中细胞结构和扩展组织的成像需要纳米级分辨率和良好的样品穿透率,这可以通过软 X 射线和硬 X 射线区域中的当前全场透射 X 射线显微镜技术来提供。全场透射 X 射线显微镜 (TXM) 的各种功能包括 3D 断层扫描、泽尼克相差、吸收定量以及通过 X 射线荧光和 X 射线吸收近边结构成像进行化学识别。这些技术根据包括微生物、骨骼和矿化组织以及植物在内的生物材料成像结果进行了讨论和比较,重点是分辨率≤40nm 的硬 X 射线 TXM。