Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, University, MS 38677, USA.
Chem Biodivers. 2010 Sep;7(9):2261-80. doi: 10.1002/cbdv.201000041.
Phytotoxic microbial metabolites produced by certain phytopathogenic fungi and bacteria, and a group of phytotoxic plant metabolites including Amaryllidacea alkaloids and some derivatives of these compounds were evaluated for algicide, bactericide, insecticide, fungicide, and herbicide activities in order to discover natural compounds for potential use in the management and control of several important agricultural and household structural pests. Among the various compounds evaluated: i) ophiobolin A was found to be the most promising for potential use as a selective algicide; ii) ungeremine was discovered to be bactericidal against certain species of fish pathogenic bacteria; iii) cycasin caused significant mortality in termites; iv) cavoxin, ophiobolin A, and sphaeropsidin A were most active towards species of plant pathogenic fungi; and v) lycorine and some of its analogues (1-O-acetyllycorine and lycorine chlorohydrate) were highly phytotoxic in the herbicide bioassay. Our results further demonstrated that plants and microbes can provide a diverse and natural source of compounds with potential use as pesticides.
某些植物病原菌真菌和细菌产生的植物毒性微生物代谢物，以及一组植物毒性植物代谢物，包括石蒜科生物碱和这些化合物的一些衍生物，被评估为杀藻剂、杀菌剂、杀虫剂、杀真菌剂和除草剂活性，以发现天然化合物，用于管理和控制几种重要的农业和家庭结构害虫。在所评估的各种化合物中：i）蛇菰醇 A 被发现是最有希望用作选择性杀藻剂的化合物；ii）发现安格明对某些鱼类病原菌具有杀菌作用；iii）苏铁苷导致白蚁死亡率显著增加；iv）卡沃辛、蛇菰醇 A 和球孢菌素 A 对植物病原菌真菌最具活性；v）石蒜碱及其类似物（1-O-乙酰石蒜碱和石蒜碱盐酸盐）在除草剂生物测定中具有很高的植物毒性。我们的研究结果进一步证明，植物和微生物可以提供具有作为杀虫剂潜在用途的化合物的多样化和天然来源。
