Gottardo F, Kliesch S
Centrum für Reproduktionsmedizin und Andrologie, WHO Kollaborationszentrum zur Erforschung der männlichen Fertilität, Ausbildungszentrum European Academy of Andrology (EAA), Universitätsklinikum Münster, Domagkstr. 11, 48149 Münster, Deutschland.
Urologe A. 2011 Jan;50(1):101-8. doi: 10.1007/s00120-010-2466-6.
Semen analysis plays a key role in the diagnostics of male infertility. Semen analysis has to be performed according to World Health Organisation (WHO) criteria. The updated version of the WHO manual was completed at the end of 2009 and published in 2010. Standard procedures in semen analysis include evaluation of sperm concentration, motility, morphology and vitality. In this new version particular attention has been paid to internal and external quality control, helping to identify and correct incidental and systematic errors both in routine analysis as well as in the field of research. The new manual describes all laboratory solutions, procedures and calculation formulas, and focuses on the definition of cryptozoospermia or azoospermia. A chapter concerning cryopreservation of spermatozoa has been newly integrated. The following overview presents the most important aspects of the updated WHO manual.
精液分析在男性不育症的诊断中起着关键作用。精液分析必须按照世界卫生组织（WHO）的标准进行。WHO手册的更新版本于2009年底完成并于2010年出版。精液分析的标准程序包括评估精子浓度、活力、形态和存活率。在这个新版本中，特别关注了内部和外部质量控制，有助于识别和纠正常规分析以及研究领域中的偶然和系统误差。新手册描述了所有实验室溶液、程序和计算公式，并着重于隐匿性精子症或无精子症的定义。关于精子冷冻保存的一章是新增加的。以下概述介绍了WHO更新手册的最重要方面。
