Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Livestock Industries, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
Emerg Infect Dis. 2011 Dec;17(12):2232-8. doi: 10.3201/eid1712.111162.
Hendra virus (HeV) is a highly pathogenic zoonotic paramyxovirus harbored by Australian flying foxes with sporadic spillovers directly to horses. Although the mode and critical control points of HeV spillover to horses from flying foxes, and the risk for transmission from infected horses to other horses and humans, are poorly understood, we successfully established systemic HeV disease in 3 horses exposed to Hendra virus/Australia/Horse/2008/Redlands by the oronasal route, a plausible route for natural infection. In 2 of the 3 animals, HeV RNA was detected continually in nasal swabs from as early as 2 days postexposure, indicating that systemic spread of the virus may be preceded by local viral replication in the nasal cavity or nasopharynx. Our data suggest that a critical factor for reducing HeV exposure risk to humans includes early consideration of HeV in the differential diagnosis and institution of appropriate infection control procedures.
亨德拉病毒（HeV）是一种高致病性人畜共患病副粘病毒，由澳大利亚狐蝠携带，偶尔会直接溢出到马身上。尽管亨德拉病毒从狐蝠溢出到马身上的模式和关键控制点，以及从感染马传播给其他马和人类的风险，人们了解甚少，但我们通过鼻内途径成功地在 3 匹马中建立了系统性亨德拉病毒病，该途径与自然感染的途径相似。在这 3 匹马中，有 2 匹马在暴露后 2 天内就连续从鼻腔拭子中检测到 HeV RNA，这表明病毒的系统传播可能先于鼻腔或鼻咽部的局部病毒复制。我们的数据表明，减少人类接触 HeV 风险的一个关键因素包括在鉴别诊断中早期考虑 HeV，并采取适当的感染控制措施。
