Human Histopathology and Animal Models, Infection & Epidemiology Departement, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Dr Roux, Paris 75015, France.
Nat Commun. 2012 Jun 12;3:903. doi: 10.1038/ncomms1890.
The accessibility to stem cells from healthy or diseased individuals, and the maintenance of their potency are challenging issues for stem cell biology. Here we report the isolation of viable and functional skeletal myogenic cells from humans up to 17 days, and mice up to 14 days post mortem, much longer beyond previous reports. Muscle stem cells are enriched in post mortem tissue, suggesting a selective survival advantage compared with other cell types. Transplantation of mouse muscle and haematopoietic stem cells regenerates tissues robustly. Cellular quiescence contributes to this cell viability where cells adopt a reversible dormant state characterized by reduced metabolic activity, a prolonged lag phase before the first cell division, elevated levels of reactive oxygen species and a transcriptional status less primed for commitment. Finally, severe hypoxia, or anoxia is critical for maintaining stem cell viability and regenerative capacity. Thus, these cells provide a useful resource for studying stem cell biology.
从健康或患病个体中获取干细胞，以及维持其多能性，这是干细胞生物学面临的挑战。在这里，我们报告了从人类尸体中分离出存活且功能正常的成肌细胞，时间可长达死后 17 天，从老鼠尸体中分离出存活且功能正常的成肌细胞，时间可长达死后 14 天，远远超过以往的报道。肌肉干细胞在死后组织中富集，这表明与其他细胞类型相比，它们具有选择性的存活优势。移植小鼠的肌肉和造血干细胞可以强有力地再生组织。细胞静止有助于保持细胞活力，细胞进入一种可逆的休眠状态，其特征是代谢活性降低，第一次细胞分裂前的潜伏期延长，活性氧水平升高，以及转录状态不太适合分化。最后，严重的缺氧或缺氧对于维持干细胞的活力和再生能力是至关重要的。因此，这些细胞为研究干细胞生物学提供了一个有用的资源。
