Oppenheimer Family Center for Neurobiology of Stress, Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.
Gastroenterology. 2013 Jun;144(7):1394-401, 1401.e1-4. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2013.02.043. Epub 2013 Mar 6.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Changes in gut microbiota have been reported to alter signaling mechanisms, emotional behavior, and visceral nociceptive reflexes in rodents. However, alteration of the intestinal microbiota with antibiotics or probiotics has not been shown to produce these changes in humans. We investigated whether consumption of a fermented milk product with probiotic (FMPP) for 4 weeks by healthy women altered brain intrinsic connectivity or responses to emotional attention tasks.
Healthy women with no gastrointestinal or psychiatric symptoms were randomly assigned to groups given FMPP (n = 12), a nonfermented milk product (n = 11, controls), or no intervention (n = 13) twice daily for 4 weeks. The FMPP contained Bifidobacterium animalis subsp Lactis, Streptococcus thermophiles, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, and Lactococcus lactis subsp Lactis. Participants underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging before and after the intervention to measure brain response to an emotional faces attention task and resting brain activity. Multivariate and region of interest analyses were performed.
FMPP intake was associated with reduced task-related response of a distributed functional network (49% cross-block covariance; P = .004) containing affective, viscerosensory, and somatosensory cortices. Alterations in intrinsic activity of resting brain indicated that ingestion of FMPP was associated with changes in midbrain connectivity, which could explain the observed differences in activity during the task.
Four-week intake of an FMPP by healthy women affected activity of brain regions that control central processing of emotion and sensation.
肠道微生物群的变化据报道会改变啮齿动物的信号机制、情绪行为和内脏伤害性反射。然而，抗生素或益生菌改变肠道微生物群并没有在人类中产生这些变化。我们研究了健康女性连续 4 周食用含有益生菌的发酵乳产品（FMPP）是否会改变大脑的固有连接或对情绪注意任务的反应。
无胃肠道或精神症状的健康女性被随机分为三组，分别给予 FMPP（n=12）、非发酵乳产品（n=11，对照组）或不干预（n=13），每天两次，连续 4 周。FMPP 含有动物双歧杆菌亚种 Lactis、嗜热链球菌、保加利亚乳杆菌和乳球菌乳亚种 Lactis。参与者在干预前后进行功能磁共振成像，以测量大脑对情绪面孔注意任务的反应和静息大脑活动。进行了多元和感兴趣区分析。
FMPP 的摄入与分布式功能网络（49%跨块协方差；P=0.004）的任务相关反应减少有关，该网络包含情感、内脏感觉和躯体感觉皮层。静息大脑固有活动的改变表明，FMPP 的摄入与中脑连接的变化有关，这可以解释在任务中观察到的活动差异。
健康女性连续 4 周摄入 FMPP 会影响控制情绪和感觉中枢处理的大脑区域的活动。
