Department of Sport Sciences, University of Beira Interior (UBI), Covilhã, Portugal ; Research Centre for Sport Sciences, Health and Human Development, Vila Real, Portugal.
J Hum Kinet. 2011 Sep;29A:93-103. doi: 10.2478/v10078-011-0064-3. Epub 2011 Oct 4.
The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of an 8-week training period of strength training alone (GR), or combined strength and endurance training (GCOM), followed by 12-weeks of de-training (DT) on body composition, power strength and VO2max adaptations in a schooled group of adolescent girls.
Sixty-seven healthy girls recruited from a Portuguese public high school (age: 13.5+1.03 years, from 7(th) and 9th grade) were divided into three experimental groups to train twice a week for 8 wks: GR (n=21), GCOM (n=25) and a control group (GC: n=21; no training program). Anthropometric parameters variables as well as performance variables (strength and aerobic fitness) were assessed.
No significant training-induced differences were observed in 1kg and 3kg medicine ball throw gains (2.7 to 10.8%) between GR and GCOM groups, whereas no significant changes were observed after a DT period in any of the experimental groups. Significant training-induced gains in CMVJ (8 to 12%) and CMSLJ (0.8 to 5.4%) were observed in the experimental groups. Time of 20m significantly decreased (GR: -11.5% and GCOM: -10%) after both treatment periods, whereas only the GR group kept the running speed after a DT period of 12 weeks. After training VO2max increased only slightly for GCOM (4.0%). No significant changes were observed after the DT period in all groups, except to GCOM in CMVJ and CMSLJ.
Performing simultaneous strength and endurance training in the same workout does not appear to negatively influence power strength and aerobic fitness development in adolescent girls. Indeed, concurrent strength and endurance training seems to be an effective, well-rounded exercise program that can be prescribed as a means to improve initial or general strength in healthy school girls. De-training period was not sufficient to reduce the overall training effects.
本研究的目的是比较 8 周的力量训练（GR）或力量和耐力训练相结合（GCOM）训练期，以及 12 周的去训练（DT）对学校青少年女孩的身体成分、力量和最大摄氧量适应性的影响。
从葡萄牙一所公立高中招募了 67 名健康女孩（年龄：13.5+1.03 岁，7 年级和 9 年级），她们被分为三个实验组，每周训练两次，持续 8 周：GR（n=21）、GCOM（n=25）和对照组（GC：n=21；没有训练计划）。评估了人体测量参数变量以及性能变量（力量和有氧健身）。
GR 和 GCOM 组之间 1kg 和 3kg 药球投掷增益（2.7%至 10.8%）没有观察到显著的训练诱导差异，而在任何实验组中，在 DT 期间都没有观察到显著变化。在实验组中，CMVJ（8%至 12%）和 CMSLJ（0.8%至 5.4%）的训练诱导显著增加。在两个治疗期后，20m 的时间明显缩短（GR：-11.5%和 GCOM：-10%），而只有 GR 组在 12 周的 DT 后保持跑步速度。在 GCOM 中，VO2max 仅略有增加（4.0%）。在所有组中，除了 GCOM 在 CMVJ 和 CMSLJ 中，在 DT 期间都没有观察到显著变化。
在同一锻炼中同时进行力量和耐力训练似乎不会对青少年女孩的力量和有氧健身发展产生负面影响。事实上，同时进行力量和耐力训练似乎是一种有效的、全面的锻炼计划，可以作为提高健康女学生初始或一般力量的手段。去训练期不足以减少整体训练效果。
