Cheah Charissa S L, Leung Christy Y Y, Zhou Nan
Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County.
Asian Am J Psychol. 2013 Mar;4(1):30-40. doi: 10.1037/a0031217.
How Chinese immigrant mothers perceive "Chinese" and "U.S." parenting and changes in their parenting postmigration remains unclear, despite recent interest in Chinese parenting particularly in response to A. Chua's (2011) controversial book on "Tiger Mothers". The present study addressed this issue by examining the parenting beliefs and practices of Chinese immigrant mothers through qualitative interviews. Participants included 50 first-generation Chinese immigrant mothers (mean age = 38.39 years; = 5.19) with a 3- to 6-year-old child. Mothers had been in the U.S. for an average of 10.20 years and were interviewed regarding their perceptions of the contrasts between typical Chinese and U.S. parenting, the strengths of Chinese and U.S. parenting, and what changes (if any) occurred in their own parenting after they migrated to the U.S. Mothers identified key differences between the parenting in the 2 cultures across 4 themes. Importantly, mothers endorsed different aspects of parenting from both cultures and attempted to achieve a balance between supporting their child's development of autonomy and individuality versus maintaining a sense of relatedness and familism in their parenting, contrary to Chua's (2011) portrayal of rigid "Chinese parenting." With regard to their parenting acculturation, mothers discussed having to be flexible across different areas of their parenting in order to accommodate the cultural values of the larger societal context and promote their child's development in the U.S. These complex dynamics highlighted the challenges that Chinese immigrant mothers face as they adapt and adjust to the new cultural context, and how their parenting beliefs and practices acculturate.
尽管最近人们对中国式育儿，尤其是对蔡美儿（2011年）关于“虎妈”的争议性书籍做出了回应，但中国移民母亲如何看待“中国式”和“美国式”育儿以及她们移民后育儿方式的变化仍不清楚。本研究通过定性访谈来探讨中国移民母亲的育儿观念和行为，以解决这一问题。参与者包括50位第一代中国移民母亲（平均年龄 = 38.39岁；标准差 = 5.19），她们都有一个3至6岁的孩子。母亲们在美国平均居住了10.20年，研究人员就她们对典型中国式和美国式育儿差异的看法、中国式和美国式育儿的优点，以及她们移民到美国后自己的育儿方式发生了哪些变化（如果有的话）进行了访谈。母亲们在4个主题中确定了两种文化在育儿方面的关键差异。重要的是，与蔡美儿（2011年）对刻板“中国式育儿”的描述相反，母亲们认可两种文化中育儿的不同方面，并试图在支持孩子自主性和个性发展与在育儿中保持亲密感和家族主义之间取得平衡。关于她们的育儿文化适应，母亲们讨论了在育儿的不同方面必须灵活变通，以适应更广泛社会背景的文化价值观，并促进孩子在美国的发展。这些复杂的动态关系凸显了中国移民母亲在适应新文化背景时所面临的挑战，以及她们的育儿观念和行为是如何进行文化适应的。
