GNS Science, Extremophile Research Group, Private Bag 2000, Taupo 3352, New Zealand.
Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Ave., Boston MA 02115, USA.
Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2014 Jan;64(Pt 1):220-227. doi: 10.1099/ijs.0.055079-0. Epub 2013 Sep 18.
An aerobic, thermophilic, moderately acidophilic non-spore-forming bacterium, strain K22(T), was isolated from geothermally heated soil at Mount Ngauruhoe, New Zealand. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, K22(T) was shown to belong to subdivision 4 of the phylum Acidobacteria and to be most closely related to 'Candidatus Chloracidobacterium thermophilum' (86 %) and Blastocatella fastidiosa (86 %). Cells stained Gram-negative and were catalase and oxidase-positive. The major fatty acids detected were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0, iso-C19 : 0 and iso-C21 : 0 when standard lipid extraction protocols were employed. Analysis of the total cell lipid acid hydrolysate also detected membrane-spanning and ether lipids, which made up approximately 40 % of the total membrane composition. These lipids included dicarboxylic (iso-diabolic) acid and the glyceryl ether of alkyl analogues of iso-C15 : 0 and iso-diabolic acid. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 59.6 mol% and the primary respiratory quinone was MK-8. Strain K22(T) grew at 50-69 °C with an optimum temperature of 65 °C and at pH 4.1-7.8 with an optimum growth pH of 6.5. NaCl tolerance was up to 1 % (w/v). Cells displayed a chemoheterotrophic and obligately aerobic metabolism. Cells grew on nutrient broth, alginate, arabinose, Casamino acids, glucose, lactate, formate, mannose, sodium alginate, peptone, sucrose, tryptone, xanthan, xylan, xylose and yeast extract. Nitrogen sources included nitrate, ammonium, urea, yeast extract and Casamino acids, but not dinitrogen gas. The distinct phylogenetic position and the phenotypic characteristics separate strain K22(T) from all other members of the class Acidobacteria and indicate that it represents a novel species and genus, for which the name Pyrinomonas methylaliphatogenes gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the type species is K22(T) ( = DSM 25857(T) = ICMP 18710(T)).
一种好氧、嗜热、中度嗜酸、非芽孢形成的细菌，菌株 K22(T)，是从新西兰 Ngauruhoe 山的地热土壤中分离出来的。基于 16S rRNA 基因序列相似性，K22(T)被归属于酸杆菌门的亚纲 4，与“Candidatus Chloracidobacterium thermophilum”（86%）和 Blastocatella fastidiosa（86%）最为密切相关。细胞革兰氏染色阴性，过氧化氢酶和氧化酶阳性。当使用标准脂质提取方案时，检测到的主要脂肪酸为 iso-C15:0、iso-C17:0、iso-C19:0 和 iso-C21:0。总细胞脂质酸水解物的分析还检测到了跨膜和醚脂，它们约占总膜成分的 40%。这些脂类包括二羧酸（异二酸）和 iso-C15:0 和异二酸的烷基类似物的甘油醚。基因组 DNA 的 G+C 含量为 59.6 mol%，主要呼吸醌为 MK-8。K22(T) 菌株在 50-69°C 下生长，最适温度为 65°C，在 pH 值 4.1-7.8 下生长，最适生长 pH 值为 6.5。能耐受 1%（w/v）的 NaCl。细胞表现出化学异养和需氧代谢。细胞能在营养肉汤、海藻酸盐、阿拉伯糖、氨基酸、葡萄糖、乳酸、甲酸盐、甘露糖、海藻酸钠、蛋白胨、蔗糖、胰蛋白胨、黄原胶、木聚糖、木糖和酵母提取物上生长。氮源包括硝酸盐、铵盐、尿素、酵母提取物和氨基酸，但不包括氮气。K22(T) 菌株的独特系统发育位置和表型特征使其与酸杆菌门的所有其他成员区分开来，并表明它代表了一个新的种和属，建议将其命名为 Pyrinomonas methylaliphatogenes gen. nov.，sp. nov.。模式种的模式菌株为 K22(T)（=DSM 25857(T)=ICMP 18710(T)）。
