Singhana Burapol, Slattery Patrick, Chen Aaron, Wallace Michael, Melancon Marites P
Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA.
AAPS PharmSciTech. 2014 Jun;15(3):741-52. doi: 10.1208/s12249-014-0097-8. Epub 2014 Feb 19.
Gold nanoshells (AuNSs) are currently being investigated as nanocarriers for drug delivery systems and have both diagnostic and therapeutic applications, including photothermal ablation, hyperthermia, drug delivery, and diagnostic imaging, particularly in oncology. AuNSs are valuable for their localized surface plasmon resonance, biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, and facile functionalization. AuNSs used for drug delivery can be spatially and temporally triggered to release controlled quantities of drugs inside the target cells when illuminated with a near-infrared (NIR) laser. Recently, many research groups have demonstrated that these AuNS complexes are able to deliver antitumor drugs (e.g., doxorubicin, paclitaxel, small interfering RNA, and single-stranded DNA) into cancer cells, which enhances the efficacy of treatment. AuNSs can also be functionalized with active targeting ligands such as antibodies, aptamers, and peptides to increase the particles' specific binding to the desired targets. This article reviews the current research on NIR light-activatable AuNSs used as nanocarriers for drug delivery systems and cancer theranostics.
金纳米壳（AuNSs）目前正作为药物递送系统的纳米载体进行研究，具有诊断和治疗应用，包括光热消融、热疗、药物递送和诊断成像，尤其是在肿瘤学领域。AuNSs因其局域表面等离子体共振、生物相容性、低免疫原性和易于功能化而具有重要价值。用于药物递送的AuNSs在用近红外（NIR）激光照射时，可在空间和时间上被触发，在靶细胞内释放可控量的药物。最近，许多研究小组证明，这些AuNS复合物能够将抗肿瘤药物（如阿霉素、紫杉醇、小干扰RNA和单链DNA）递送至癌细胞中，从而提高治疗效果。AuNSs还可用抗体、适体和肽等活性靶向配体进行功能化，以增加颗粒与所需靶标的特异性结合。本文综述了目前关于用作药物递送系统和癌症诊疗纳米载体的近红外光可激活AuNSs的研究。
