Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Pulmón, Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias, España.
Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Pulmón, Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias, España.
Arch Bronconeumol. 2014 Nov;50(11):465-8. doi: 10.1016/j.arbres.2014.03.005. Epub 2014 May 6.
Inhalation of carbon monoxide (CO) can result in poisoning, with symptoms ranging from mild and nonspecific to severe, or even death. CO poisoning is often underdiagnosed because exposure to low concentrations goes unnoticed, and threshold values for normal carboxyhemoglobin vary according to different authors. The aim of our study was to analyze carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) levels in an unselected population and detect sources of CO exposure
In a cross-sectional descriptive study, we analyzed consecutive arterial blood gas levels processed in our laboratory. We selected those with COHb≥2.5% in nonsmokers and ≥5% in smokers. In these cases a structured telephone interview was conducted.
Elevated levels of COHb were found in 64 (20%) of 306 initial determinations. Of these, data from 51 subjects aged 65±12 years, 31 (60%) of which were men, were obtained. Mean COHb was 4.0%. Forty patients (78%) were non-smokers with mean COHb of 3.2%, and 11 were smokers with COHb of 6.7%. In 45 patients (88.2%) we detected exposure to at least one source of ambient CO other than cigarette smoke.
A significant proportion of individuals from an unselected sample had elevated levels of COHb. The main sources of CO exposure were probably the home, so this possibility should be explored. The population should be warned about the risks and encouraged to take preventive measures.
吸入一氧化碳（CO）可导致中毒，症状从轻度和非特异性到重度，甚至死亡不等。CO 中毒常常被漏诊，因为接触低浓度的 CO 不会被察觉，而且正常碳氧血红蛋白的阈值值因不同作者而异。我们的研究目的是分析未选择人群的碳氧血红蛋白（COHb）水平，并发现 CO 暴露的来源。
在一项横断面描述性研究中，我们分析了在我们实验室处理的连续动脉血气水平。我们选择了非吸烟者中 COHb≥2.5%和吸烟者中 COHb≥5%的患者。在这些情况下，我们进行了结构化的电话访谈。
在 306 次初始测定中，有 64 次（20%）发现 COHb 水平升高。其中，获得了 51 名年龄为 65±12 岁的患者的数据，其中 31 名（60%）为男性。平均 COHb 为 4.0%。40 名（78%）患者为不吸烟者，COHb 平均值为 3.2%，11 名吸烟者 COHb 为 6.7%。在 45 名患者（88.2%）中，我们发现除了香烟烟雾外，还有至少一种环境 CO 的暴露源。
在未选择的样本中，有相当比例的个体 COHb 水平升高。CO 暴露的主要来源可能是家庭，因此应该对此进行探讨。应向公众宣传 CO 暴露的风险，并鼓励采取预防措施。
