Li Qing, Babor Thomas F, Zeigler Donald, Xuan Ziming, Morisky Donald, Hovell Melbourne F, Nelson Toben F, Shen Weixing, Li Bing
Michigan State University, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, East Lansing, MI, USA; San Diego State University, Graduate School of Public Health, Center for Behavioral Epidemiology and Community Health, San Diego, CA, USA.
Addiction. 2015 Jan;110 Suppl 1(0 1):68-78. doi: 10.1111/add.12784.
Steady increases in alcohol consumption and related problems are likely to accompany China's rapid epidemiological transition and profit-based marketing activities. We reviewed research on health promotion interventions and policies to address excessive drinking and to guide health-care reform.
We searched Chinese- and English-language databases and included 21 studies in China published between 1980 and 2013 that covered each policy area from the World Health Organization (WHO) Global Strategy to Reduce the Harmful Use of Alcohol. We evaluated and compared preventive interventions to the global alcohol literature for cross-national applicability.
In contrast with hundreds of studies in the global literature, 11 of 12 studies from mainland China were published in Chinese; six of 10 in English were on taxation from Taiwan or Hong Kong. Most studies demonstrated effectiveness in reducing excessive drinking, and some reported the reduction of health problems. Seven were randomized controlled trials. Studies targeted schools, drink-driving, work-places, the health sector and taxation.
China is the world's largest alcohol market, yet there has been little growth in alcohol policy research related to health promotion interventions over the past decade. Guided by a public health approach, the WHO Global Strategy and health reform experience in Russia, Australia, Mexico and the United States, China could improve its public health response through better coordination and implementation of surveillance and evidence-based research, and through programmatic and legal responses such as public health law research, screening and early intervention within health systems and the implementation of effective alcohol control strategies.
随着中国快速的流行病学转变以及基于盈利的营销活动，酒精消费及其相关问题可能会持续增加。我们回顾了关于健康促进干预措施和政策的研究，以解决过度饮酒问题并指导医疗改革。
我们检索了中文和英文数据库，纳入了1980年至2013年间在中国发表的21项研究，这些研究涵盖了世界卫生组织（WHO）《减少有害使用酒精全球战略》的各个政策领域。我们评估并比较了预防性干预措施与全球酒精文献，以确定其跨国适用性。
与全球文献中的数百项研究相比，中国大陆的12项研究中有11项以中文发表；10项英文研究中有6项来自台湾或香港，涉及税收问题。大多数研究表明在减少过度饮酒方面有效，一些研究报告了健康问题的减少。7项为随机对照试验。研究对象包括学校、酒后驾车、工作场所、卫生部门和税收。
中国是世界上最大的酒精市场，但在过去十年中，与健康促进干预措施相关的酒精政策研究几乎没有增长。在中国，以公共卫生方法为指导，借鉴WHO全球战略以及俄罗斯、澳大利亚、墨西哥和美国的卫生改革经验，通过更好地协调和实施监测及循证研究，以及通过公共卫生法研究、卫生系统内的筛查和早期干预以及实施有效的酒精控制策略等计划性和法律性应对措施，可以改善其公共卫生应对能力。
