Mehrotra Shakti, Srivastava Vikas, Ur Rahman Laiq, Kukreja A K
Plant Biotechnology Division, Central Institute of Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, PO: CIMAP, Picnic Spot Road, Lucknow, 226015, India,
Protoplasma. 2015 Sep;252(5):1189-201. doi: 10.1007/s00709-015-0761-1. Epub 2015 Jan 28.
Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated hairy roots (HR) were developed in the laboratory to mimic the natural phenomenon of bacterial gene transfer and occurrence of disease syndrome. The timeline analysis revealed that during 90 s, the research expanded to the hairy root-based secondary metabolite production and different yield enhancement strategies like media optimization, up-scaling, metabolic engineering etc. An outlook indicates that much emphasis has been given to the strategies that are helpful in making this technology more practical in terms of high productivity at low cost. However, a sequential analysis of literature shows that this technique is upgraded to a biotechnology platform where different intra- and interdisciplinary work areas were established, progressed, and diverged to provide scientific benefits of various hairy root-based applications like phytoremediation, molecular farming, biotransformation, etc. In the present scenario, this biotechnology research platform includes (a) elemental research like hairy root-mediated secondary metabolite production coupled with productivity enhancement strategies and (b) HR-based functional research. The latter comprised of hairy root-based applied aspects such as generation of agro-economical traits in plants, production of high value as well as less hazardous molecules through biotransformation/farming and remediation, respectively. This review presents an indicative timeline portrayal of hairy root research reflected by a chronology of research outputs. The timeline also reveals a progressive trend in the state-of-art global advances in hairy root biotechnology. Furthermore, the review also discusses ideas to explore missing links and to deal with the challenges in future progression and prospects of research in all related fields of this important area of plant biotechnology.
在实验室中利用发根农杆菌介导产生毛状根（HR），以模拟细菌基因转移的自然现象和病害综合征的发生。时间线分析表明，在90秒内，该研究扩展到基于毛状根的次生代谢产物生产以及不同的产量提高策略，如培养基优化、放大培养、代谢工程等。一种观点表明，人们非常重视有助于使该技术在低成本高产量方面更具实用性的策略。然而，对文献的顺序分析表明，该技术已升级为一个生物技术平台，在该平台上建立、推进并分化出了不同的内部和跨学科工作领域，以提供各种基于毛状根的应用（如植物修复、分子农业、生物转化等）的科学益处。在当前情况下，这个生物技术研究平台包括（a）基础研究，如毛状根介导的次生代谢产物生产以及生产力提高策略，以及（b）基于毛状根的功能研究。后者包括基于毛状根的应用方面，如在植物中产生农业经济性状，分别通过生物转化/农业生产和修复生产高价值以及危害较小的分子。本综述呈现了由研究成果年表所反映的毛状根研究的指示性时间线描述。该时间线还揭示了毛状根生物技术全球最新进展的渐进趋势。此外，本综述还讨论了探索缺失环节以及应对这一植物生物技术重要领域所有相关未来研究进展和前景中挑战的思路。
