Spira D, Norman K, Nikolov J, Demuth I, Steinhagen-Thiessen E, Eckardt R
Charité Research Group on Geriatrics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Reinickendorfer Str. 61, 13347, Berlin, Germany.
Institute of Medical and Human Genetics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.
Z Gerontol Geriatr. 2016 Feb;49(2):94-9. doi: 10.1007/s00391-015-0886-z. Epub 2015 Apr 16.
Sarcopenia describes the age-associated loss of muscle mass, strength and function. The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of sarcopenia in a cohort of community dwelling elderly people living in Berlin, Germany, according to the criteria proposed by current consensus statements and to study the respective impact on self-reported physical performance.
This study included 1405 participants from the Berlin aging study II (BASE-II). The appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) was assessed with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), muscle strength was measured by hand grip strength and the timed up and go" test (TUG) was performed as a functional parameter to reflect mobility.
The prevalence of sarcopenia was 24.3 % in terms of reduced SMI only and considerably lower for sarcopenia with reduced grip strength (4.1 %) and sarcopenia with limited mobility (2.4 %). Only 0.6 % of the participants fulfilled all three criteria. Of the subjects with a normal SMI, 8.6 % had reduced grip strength and 5.1 % had limited mobility, whereas 1.3 % subjects fulfilled both criteria. Participants with reduced strength or function reported severe difficulties in performing physical tasks significantly more often than participants with normal or reduced SMI alone (p <0.029-p <0.0001).
In BASE-II low skeletal muscle mass was much more frequent than reduced grip strength or poor function. Reduced strength and function were found to be associated with a greater impact on physical performance than reduced muscle mass. Low SMI does not seem to be a prerequisite for low strength or limitations in mobility.
肌肉减少症描述了与年龄相关的肌肉质量、力量和功能的丧失。本研究的目的是根据当前共识声明提出的标准，比较德国柏林一群社区居住老年人中肌肉减少症的患病率，并研究其对自我报告的身体表现的各自影响。
本研究纳入了柏林衰老研究II（BASE-II）的1405名参与者。采用双能X线吸收法（DXA）评估四肢骨骼肌质量指数（SMI），通过握力测量肌肉力量，并进行“定时起立行走”测试（TUG）作为反映运动能力的功能参数。
仅根据SMI降低来计算，肌肉减少症的患病率为24.3%，而握力降低的肌肉减少症（4.1%）和运动能力受限的肌肉减少症（2.4%）的患病率则低得多。只有0.6%的参与者符合所有三项标准。在SMI正常的受试者中，8.6%的人握力降低，5.1%的人运动能力受限，而1.3%的受试者符合这两项标准。与仅SMI正常或降低的参与者相比，力量或功能降低的参与者在进行体力任务时报告严重困难的频率明显更高（p<0.029-p<0.0001）。
在BASE-II中，低骨骼肌质量比握力降低或功能差更为常见。与肌肉质量降低相比，发现力量和功能降低对身体表现的影响更大。低SMI似乎不是低力量或运动能力受限的先决条件。
