Ciaccio Christina E, Barnes Charles, Kennedy Kevin, Chan Marcia, Portnoy Jay, Rosenwasser Lanny
a Department of Pediatrics and the Center for Environmental Health , Children's Mercy Hospital , Kansas City , MO , USA.
J Asthma. 2015;52(9):873-80. doi: 10.3109/02770903.2015.1028076. Epub 2015 Oct 29.
Exposure to microorganisms has repeatedly been found to influence development of atopic diseases, such as asthma. Innovative techniques have been developed that can comprehensively characterize microbial communities. The objective of this study was to characterize the home microbiota of asthmatic children utilizing 16S rRNA-based phylogenetic analysis by microarray.
In this cross-sectional study, DNA was extracted from home dust and bacterial 16S rRNA genes amplified. Bacterial products were hybridized to the PhyloChip Array and scanned using a GeneArray scanner (Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA). The Adonis test was used to determine significant differences in the whole microbiome. Welch's t-test was used to determine significant abundance differences and genus-level richness differences.
Nineteen homes were included in the analysis (14 asthma and five no asthma). About 1741 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were found in at least one sample. Bacterial genus richness did not differ in the homes of asthmatics and non-asthmatics (p = 0.09). The microbial profile was significantly different between the two groups (p = 0.025). All the top 12 OTUs with significant abundance differences were increased in homes of asthmatics and belonged to one of the five phyla (p = 0.001 to p = 7.2 × 10(-6)). Nearly half of significant abundance differences belonged to the phylum Cyanobacteria or Proteobacteria.
These results suggest that home dust has a characteristic microbiota which is disturbed in the homes of asthmatics, resulting in a particular abundance of Cyanobacteria and Proteobacteria. Further investigations are needed which utilize high-throughput technology to further clarify how home microbial exposures influence human health and disease.
反复研究发现，接触微生物会影响诸如哮喘等过敏性疾病的发展。现已开发出能够全面表征微生物群落的创新技术。本研究的目的是利用基于16S rRNA的微阵列系统发育分析来表征哮喘儿童的家庭微生物群。
在这项横断面研究中，从家庭灰尘中提取DNA并扩增细菌16S rRNA基因。将细菌产物与系统发育芯片阵列杂交，并使用基因芯片扫描仪（Affymetrix，加利福尼亚州圣克拉拉）进行扫描。使用Adonis检验来确定整个微生物组中的显著差异。使用韦尔奇t检验来确定显著的丰度差异和属水平的丰富度差异。
19个家庭纳入分析（14个哮喘家庭和5个非哮喘家庭）。在至少一个样本中发现了约1741个可操作分类单元（OTU）。哮喘患者家庭和非哮喘患者家庭的细菌属丰富度没有差异（p = 0.09）。两组之间的微生物谱有显著差异（p = 0.025）。所有12个丰度差异显著的顶级OTU在哮喘患者家庭中均增加，并且属于五个门之一（p = 0.001至p = 7.2×10-6）。几乎一半的显著丰度差异属于蓝藻门或变形菌门。
这些结果表明，家庭灰尘具有特征性的微生物群，在哮喘患者家庭中受到干扰，导致蓝藻和变形菌特别丰富。需要进一步的研究利用高通量技术来进一步阐明家庭微生物暴露如何影响人类健康和疾病。
