Ng Stella, Lim Hui Si, Ma Qian, Gao Zhiqiang
Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543.
Theranostics. 2016 Jun 21;6(10):1683-702. doi: 10.7150/thno.15850. eCollection 2016.
Nucleic acids are among the most researched and applied biomolecules. Their diverse two- and three-dimensional structures in conjunction with their robust chemistry and ease of manipulation provide a rare opportunity for sensor applications. Moreover, their high biocompatibility has seen them being used in the construction of in vivo assays. Various nucleic acid-based devices have been extensively studied as either the principal element in discrete molecule-like sensors or as the main component in the fabrication of sensing devices. The use of aptamers in sensors - aptasensors, in particular, has led to improvements in sensitivity, selectivity, and multiplexing capacity for a wide verity of analytes like proteins, nucleic acids, as well as small biomolecules such as glucose and adenosine triphosphate (ATP). This article reviews the progress in the use of aptamers as the principal component in sensors for optical detection of ATP with an emphasis on sensing mechanism, performance, and applications with some discussion on challenges and perspectives.
核酸是研究和应用最为广泛的生物分子之一。它们多样的二维和三维结构，以及强大的化学性质和易于操作的特点，为传感器应用提供了难得的机遇。此外，它们具有高度的生物相容性，这使得它们被用于构建体内分析方法。各种基于核酸的器件已被广泛研究，既可以作为离散分子状传感器的主要元件，也可以作为传感设备制造中的主要组件。适体在传感器（特别是适配体传感器）中的应用，已提高了对多种分析物（如蛋白质、核酸以及葡萄糖和三磷酸腺苷（ATP）等小分子生物分子）的检测灵敏度、选择性和多重检测能力。本文综述了将适体用作光学检测ATP传感器主要组件的研究进展，重点介绍了传感机制、性能和应用，并对挑战和前景进行了一些讨论。
