Kinoshita S
Mem Cognit. 1989 Sep;17(5):563-71. doi: 10.3758/bf03197079.
The goal of the present study was to investigate the locus of the memory advantage for words that are generated according to a nonsemantic rule (letter transposition) over words that are presented intact (read words). In the first two experiments, a category instance generation task was used to test the possibility that the semantic features of generated words are more readily available than those of read words. This possibility was not supported. In Experiment 3, generation effects were found to depend on the level of meaningfulness of words in recall, but not in recognition. In Experiment 4, a between-list design eliminated the generation effect found in recall, but did not affect the generation effect in recognition. Taken together, these findings suggest that generating a target according to a letter transposition rule enhances the distinctiveness of the word along a nonsemantic dimension.
本研究的目的是探究根据非语义规则（字母换位）生成的单词相较于完整呈现的单词（阅读单词）在记忆优势方面的位置。在前两个实验中，使用了类别实例生成任务来测试生成单词的语义特征是否比阅读单词的语义特征更容易获取。这一可能性未得到支持。在实验3中，发现生成效应取决于回忆中单词的意义程度，而不是识别中单词的意义程度。在实验4中，列表间设计消除了回忆中发现的生成效应，但并未影响识别中的生成效应。综合来看，这些发现表明，根据字母换位规则生成目标会在非语义维度上增强单词的独特性。
