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三种具有肽聚糖细胞壁的新物种在疣微菌门第4亚纲的Opitutaceae科中形成了新属（新属名）。

Three Novel Species with Peptidoglycan Cell Walls form the New Genus gen. nov. in the Family Opitutaceae of the Verrucomicrobial Subdivision 4.

作者信息

Rast Patrick, Glöckner Ines, Boedeker Christian, Jeske Olga, Wiegand Sandra, Reinhardt Richard, Schumann Peter, Rohde Manfred, Spring Stefan, Glöckner Frank O, Jogler Christian, Jogler Mareike

机构信息

Microbial Cell Biology and Genetics, Leibniz-Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH Braunschweig, Germany.

Institute for Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Technology Braunschweig, Germany.

出版信息

Front Microbiol. 2017 Feb 13;8:202. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00202. eCollection 2017.

DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2017.00202
PMID:28243229
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5303756/
Abstract

The cell wall of free-living bacteria consists of peptidoglycan (PG) and is critical for maintenance of shape as dissolved solutes cause osmotic pressure and challenge cell integrity. Surprisingly, the subdivision 4 of the phylum Verrucomicrobia appears to be exceptional in this respect. Organisms of this subdivision are described to be devoid of muramic or diaminopimelic acid (DAP), usually found as components of PG in bacterial cell walls. Here we describe three novel bacterial strains from a freshwater lake, IG15, IG16b, and IG31, belonging to a new genus in the subdivision 4 of Verrucomicrobia which we found to possess PG as part of their cell walls. Biochemical analysis revealed the presence of DAP not only in these novel strains, but also in PB90-1, the closest described relative of strains IG15, IG16b, and IG31. Furthermore, we found that nearly all genes necessary for peptidoglycan synthesis are present in genomes of subdivision 4 members, as well as in the complete genome sequence of strain IG16b. In addition, we isolated and visualized PG-sacculi for strain IG16b. Thus, our results challenge the concept of peptidoglycan-less free-living bacteria. Our polyphasic taxonomy approach places the novel strains in a new genus within the family , for which the name gen. nov. is proposed. Strain designations for IG15, IG16b and IG31 are sp. nov. (=DSM 26814 = LMG 29468), sp. nov. (=DSM 26815 = LMG 29469) and sp. nov. (=DSM 103142 = LMG 29578) respectively, with IG16b being the type species of the genus.

摘要

自由生活细菌的细胞壁由肽聚糖（PG）组成，对于维持细胞形状至关重要，因为溶解的溶质会产生渗透压并挑战细胞完整性。令人惊讶的是，疣微菌门的第4亚门在这方面似乎是个例外。该亚门的生物被描述为缺乏通常作为细菌细胞壁中肽聚糖成分的胞壁酸或二氨基庚二酸（DAP）。在此，我们描述了来自淡水湖的三株新型细菌菌株IG15、IG16b和IG31，它们属于疣微菌门第4亚门中的一个新属，我们发现它们的细胞壁中含有肽聚糖。生化分析表明，不仅在这些新型菌株中存在DAP，而且在菌株IG15、IG16b和IG31最接近的已知相关菌株PB90 - 1中也存在DAP。此外，我们发现肽聚糖合成所需的几乎所有基因都存在于第4亚门成员的基因组中，以及菌株IG16b的全基因组序列中。此外，我们分离并观察到了菌株IG16b的肽聚糖囊泡。因此，我们的结果挑战了无肽聚糖自由生活细菌的概念。我们的多相分类学方法将这些新型菌株置于 科内的一个新属中，为此提出了新属名 。IG15、IG16b和IG31的菌株名称分别为 新种（=DSM 26814 = LMG 29468）、 新种（=DSM 26815 = LMG 29469）和 新种（=DSM 103142 = LMG 29578），其中IG16b是该属的模式种。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3ec6/5303756/7c9a80623a4f/fmicb-08-00202-g009.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3ec6/5303756/efa7f4a89bb7/fmicb-08-00202-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3ec6/5303756/18aa8181286f/fmicb-08-00202-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3ec6/5303756/5507d67ad6d1/fmicb-08-00202-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3ec6/5303756/6c1cdcad341e/fmicb-08-00202-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3ec6/5303756/507c2bf59c26/fmicb-08-00202-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3ec6/5303756/dbcffa31a61e/fmicb-08-00202-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3ec6/5303756/2fd32c134ec4/fmicb-08-00202-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3ec6/5303756/36038895371d/fmicb-08-00202-g008.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3ec6/5303756/7c9a80623a4f/fmicb-08-00202-g009.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3ec6/5303756/efa7f4a89bb7/fmicb-08-00202-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3ec6/5303756/18aa8181286f/fmicb-08-00202-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3ec6/5303756/5507d67ad6d1/fmicb-08-00202-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3ec6/5303756/6c1cdcad341e/fmicb-08-00202-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3ec6/5303756/507c2bf59c26/fmicb-08-00202-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3ec6/5303756/dbcffa31a61e/fmicb-08-00202-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3ec6/5303756/2fd32c134ec4/fmicb-08-00202-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3ec6/5303756/36038895371d/fmicb-08-00202-g008.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3ec6/5303756/7c9a80623a4f/fmicb-08-00202-g009.jpg

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