Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, Division of Operative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
J Dent. 2017 Aug;63:72-80. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2017.05.024. Epub 2017 Jun 3.
Secondary caries at the margins of composite restorations has been attributed to adhesive failure and consequent accumulation of cariogenic biofilms.
To develop and evaluate an etch-and-rinse adhesive system containing arginine for sustainable release and recharge without affecting its mechanical properties. Arginine metabolism by oral bacteria generates ammonia, which neutralizes glycolytic acids and creates a neutral environmental pH that is less favorable to the growth of caries pathogens, thus reducing the caries risk at the tooth-composite interface.
Experimental adhesives were formulated with methacrylate monomers and arginine at 5%, 7%, and 10% or no arginine (control). Adhesives were tested for: (i) mechanical properties of true stress (FS and UTS), modulus of elasticity (E), degree of conversion (DC), Knoop hardness number (KHN) and dentin microtensile bond strength (μ-TBS), (ii) arginine release and recharge, and (iii) antibacterial activities. Data was analyzed by t-test, one-way ANOVA and Tukey's tests.
FS and UTS results showed no statistically significant differences between the 7% arginine-adhesive and control, while the results for E, DC, KHN and μ-TBS showed no difference among all groups. The 7% arginine-adhesive showed a high release rate of arginine (75.0μmol/cm) at 2h, and a more sustainable, controlled release rate (up to 0.2μmol/cm) at 30days.
Incorporation of 7% arginine did not affect the physical and mechanical properties of the adhesive. Arginine was released from the adhesive at a rate and concentration that exhibited antibacterial effects, regardless of shifts in biofilm conditions such as sugar availability and pH.
Secondary caries is recognized as the main reason for failure of dental restorations. The development of an arginine-based adhesive system has the potential to dramatically reduce the incidence and severity of secondary caries in adhesive restorations in a very economical fashion.
开发和评估一种含有精氨酸的酸蚀-冲洗型粘接系统，使其能够可持续释放和再充电，而不影响其机械性能。口腔细菌代谢精氨酸会产生氨，中和糖酵解酸，创造一个更有利于龋齿病原体生长的中性环境 pH 值，从而降低牙齿-复合界面的龋齿风险。
用 5%、7%和 10%的精氨酸或不含精氨酸（对照）的甲基丙烯酸单体配制实验性胶粘剂。对胶粘剂进行以下测试：（i）真应力（FS 和 UTS）、弹性模量（E）、转化率（DC）、努普硬度值（KHN）和牙本质微拉伸粘结强度（μ-TBS）的机械性能，（ii）精氨酸释放和再充电，以及（iii）抗菌活性。采用 t 检验、单因素方差分析和 Tukey 检验对数据进行分析。
FS 和 UTS 结果显示，7%精氨酸胶粘剂与对照组之间无统计学显著差异，而 E、DC、KHN 和 μ-TBS 结果则显示所有组之间无差异。7%精氨酸胶粘剂在 2 小时时表现出较高的精氨酸释放率（75.0μmol/cm），在 30 天时表现出更可持续、受控的释放率（高达 0.2μmol/cm）。
在不影响胶粘剂物理和机械性能的情况下，将 7%的精氨酸加入其中。无论生物膜条件如糖的可用性和 pH 值发生变化，精氨酸都会以一定的速率和浓度从胶粘剂中释放出来，从而产生抗菌作用。
继发性龋齿被认为是牙修复失败的主要原因。开发一种基于精氨酸的粘接系统具有很大的潜力，可以以非常经济的方式显著降低粘接修复中继发性龋齿的发生率和严重程度。
