Chemical compositions and biological activities of A. Hamilt aerial parts.

Phytochemical analysis of the methanolic and dichloromethane extracts of the aerial parts of led to the isolation of a phenylpropanoid, 1-o-feruloyl-β-D-glucose , two known flavonoids including luteolin-7-o-glucoside and apigenin-7-o-glucoside , three known phenylethanoid glycosides composed of phlomisethanoside , syringalide A , and verbascoside , and oleic acid . Isolation and structural elucidation of compounds were accomplished by HPLC and spectroscopic methods (UV, H-NMR, C-NMR). The extracts were also evaluated for their radical scavenging activity and insecticidal property by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) assay and contact toxicity method, respectively. Among the extracts, the methanol extract showed the most potent free radical scavenging activity with a RC value of 0.044 ± 0.350 mg/mL which could be attributed to the presence of the isolated phenolic compounds. In the case of insecticidal activity, the n-hexane extract displayed the most potent activity and caused 10%, 15%, and 40% mortality to at the concentration of 5, 10, and 15 mg/mL after 4 h of exposure.