University of Sussex, Falmer, East Sussex, UK.
University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon, UK.
Assessment. 2020 Jan;27(1):149-163. doi: 10.1177/1073191117715114. Epub 2017 Jun 19.
Extending previous research, we applied latent profile analysis in a sample of adults with a history of recurrent depression to identify subgroups with distinct response profiles on the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire and understand how these relate to psychological functioning. The sample was randomly divided into two subsamples to first examine the optimal number of latent profiles (test sample; = 343) and then validate the identified solution (validation sample; = 340). In both test and validation samples, a four-profile solution was revealed where two profiles mapped broadly onto those previously identified in nonclinical samples: "high mindfulness" and "nonjudgmentally aware." Two additional subgroups, "moderate mindfulness" and "very low mindfulness," were observed. "High mindfulness" was associated with the most adaptive psychological functioning and "very low mindfulness" with the least adaptive. In most people with recurrent depression, mindfulness skills are expressed evenly across different domains. However, in a small minority a meaningful and replicable uneven profile indicating nonjudgmental awareness is observable. Current findings require replication and future research should examine the extent to which profiles change from periods of wellness to illness in people with recurrent depression and how profiles are influenced by exposure to mindfulness-based intervention.
在既往研究的基础上，我们对既往反复发作抑郁症成人患者样本进行了潜在剖面分析，以确定五因素正念问卷（Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire）上具有不同反应特征的亚组，并了解这些特征与心理功能的关系。该样本被随机分为两个亚组，首先检验潜在剖面的最佳数量（测试样本；n=343），然后验证所确定的解决方案（验证样本；n=340）。在测试和验证样本中，均揭示了四组特征，其中两组特征大致对应于非临床样本中先前确定的特征：“高度正念”和“非评判性觉察”。还观察到另外两个亚组：“适度正念”和“非常低正念”。“高度正念”与最适应的心理功能相关，“非常低正念”与最不适应的心理功能相关。在大多数反复发作抑郁症患者中，正念技能在不同领域均匀表达。然而，在一小部分患者中，可以观察到一种有意义且可重复的非评判性觉察不均衡特征。目前的发现需要进一步验证，未来的研究应检验在反复发作抑郁症患者从健康期到疾病期的过程中，这些特征的变化程度，以及特征如何受到正念干预暴露的影响。
