Fonseca Kaori L, Rodrigues Pedro N S, Olsson I Anna S, Saraiva Margarida
i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
PLoS Pathog. 2017 Aug 17;13(8):e1006421. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006421. eCollection 2017 Aug.
Tuberculosis (TB) is a devastating disease to mankind that has killed more people than any other infectious disease. Despite many efforts and successes from the scientific and health communities, the prospect of TB elimination remains distant. On the one hand, sustainable public health programs with affordable and broad implementation of anti-TB measures are needed. On the other hand, achieving TB elimination requires critical advances in three areas: vaccination, diagnosis, and treatment. It is also well accepted that succeeding in advancing these areas requires a deeper knowledge of host-pathogen interactions during infection, and for that, better experimental models are needed. Here, we review the potential and limitations of different experimental approaches used in TB research, focusing on animal and human-based cell culture models. We highlight the most recent advances in developing in vitro 3D models and introduce the potential of lung organoids as a new tool to study Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.
结核病（TB）是一种对人类具有毁灭性的疾病，其致死人数超过任何其他传染病。尽管科学界和卫生界做出了诸多努力并取得了一些成功，但消除结核病的前景依然遥远。一方面，需要有可持续的公共卫生项目，以可承受的成本广泛实施抗结核措施。另一方面，要实现结核病的消除，需要在三个领域取得关键进展：疫苗接种、诊断和治疗。人们也普遍认为，要在这些领域取得进展，需要更深入地了解感染过程中宿主与病原体的相互作用，为此，需要更好的实验模型。在此，我们回顾了结核病研究中使用的不同实验方法的潜力和局限性，重点关注基于动物和人类的细胞培养模型。我们强调了开发体外3D模型的最新进展，并介绍了肺类器官作为研究结核分枝杆菌感染的新工具的潜力。
