大脑结构在预测对体育锻炼计划的坚持中的作用。
Role of Brain Structure in Predicting Adherence to a Physical Activity Regimen.
机构信息
From the Department of Psychology (Gujral, Oberlin, Erickson), University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Center for Neural Basis of Cognition (Gujral, Oberlin, Erickson), Carnegie Mellon University and University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Kinesiology and Community Health (McAuley), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; and Department of Psychology (McAuley, Kramer), Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
出版信息
Psychosom Med. 2018 Jan;80(1):69-77. doi: 10.1097/PSY.0000000000000526.
OBJECTIVE
Physical activity (PA) is important for maintaining health throughout the lifespan. However, adherence to PA regimens is poor with approximately 50% of older adults terminating activity intervention programs within 6 months. In this study, we tested whether gray matter volume and white matter microstructural integrity before the initiation of a PA intervention predicts PA adherence.
METHODS
One hundred fifty-nine adults aged 60 to 80 years were randomly assigned to a moderate-intensity aerobic walking condition or a nonaerobic stretching and toning condition. Participants engaged in supervised exercise 3 times per week for 12 months. Data were collected for a period of 1 year. Voxel-based morphometry and tract-based spatial statistics protocols were used to process neuroimaging data, and ordinary least squares regression models with bootstrapping were used to analyze voxelwise neural predictors of PA adherence.
RESULTS
Greater volume in several regions predicted greater PA adherence, including prefrontal, motor, somatosensory, temporal, and parietal regions (p < .01). We also found that higher fractional anisotropy in several white matter tracts predicted greater PA adherence (pFDR-corrected < .05), including the superior longitudinal fasciculus, anterior thalamic radiation, forceps minor, and body of the corpus callosum.
CONCLUSIONS
These findings provide preliminary support for macro- and microstructural neural predictors of PA adherence and may translate to other health behaviors and behavioral goal pursuit more broadly.
目的
体力活动（PA）对维持整个生命周期的健康很重要。然而，人们对 PA 方案的依从性很差，大约有 50%的老年人在 6 个月内终止了活动干预计划。在这项研究中，我们测试了 PA 干预前的灰质体积和白质微观结构完整性是否可以预测 PA 的依从性。
方法
159 名年龄在 60 至 80 岁的成年人被随机分配到中等强度的有氧运动组或非有氧运动的伸展和塑形组。参与者每周进行 3 次监督锻炼，持续 12 个月。数据收集时间为 1 年。使用基于体素的形态测量学和基于束的空间统计学方案来处理神经影像学数据，并使用带有自举法的普通最小二乘回归模型来分析预测 PA 依从性的神经体素。
结果
几个区域的更大体积预测了更高的 PA 依从性，包括前额叶、运动、躯体感觉、颞叶和顶叶区域（p<0.01）。我们还发现，几个白质束的分数各向异性更高预测了更高的 PA 依从性（pFDR-corrected<0.05），包括上纵束、前丘脑辐射、小内囊、胼胝体体部。
结论
这些发现初步支持了 PA 依从性的宏观和微观结构神经预测因子，并且可能更广泛地转化为其他健康行为和行为目标追求。
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