Schroeder Scott R, Lam Tuan Q, Marian Viorica
Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University.
Appl Linguist. 2017 Aug 1;38(4):463-488. doi: 10.1093/applin/amv049. Epub 2015 Oct 31.
Most of the world's population has knowledge of at least two languages. Many of these bilinguals are also exposed to and identify with at least two cultures. Because language knowledge enables participation in cultural practices and expression of cultural beliefs, bilingual experience and cultural identity are interconnected. However, the specific links between bilingualism and cultural identity remain largely unidentified. The current study examined which aspects of bilingualism relate to identification with first- and second-language cultures. Two-hundred-and-nine bilinguals completed a questionnaire probing linguistic background and cultural affiliations. Regression analyses indicated that cultural identification was predicted by age of language acquisition, language proficiency, foreign-accentedness, and contexts of long-term language immersion and current language exposure. Follow-up analyses revealed that the language-culture relations were mediated by the age and manner in which the second language was acquired. These findings are situated within a proposed framework of bilingual cultural identity. By identifying features of bilingualism that are relevant for cultural identity, the current research increases our understanding of the relationship between language and culture.
世界上大多数人口都至少掌握两种语言。这些双语者中的许多人还接触并认同至少两种文化。由于语言知识使人能够参与文化实践并表达文化信仰，双语体验和文化身份是相互关联的。然而，双语与文化身份之间的具体联系在很大程度上仍不明确。当前的研究考察了双语的哪些方面与对第一语言和第二语言文化的认同有关。209名双语者完成了一份调查问卷，该问卷探究了语言背景和文化归属。回归分析表明，文化认同可由语言习得年龄、语言 proficiency、外国口音以及长期语言沉浸和当前语言接触的环境来预测。后续分析显示，语言与文化的关系是由第二语言习得的年龄和方式介导的。这些发现处于一个提出的双语文化身份框架内。通过识别与文化身份相关的双语特征，当前的研究增进了我们对语言与文化之间关系的理解。 （注：原文中“proficiency”未给出完整意思，暂保留英文）
