Chen Yunfeng, Ju Lining, Rushdi Muaz, Ge Chenghao, Zhu Cheng
Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332.
Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332.
Mol Biol Cell. 2017 Nov 7;28(23):3134-3155. doi: 10.1091/mbc.E17-04-0228. Epub 2017 Sep 27.
Mechanosensing describes the ability of a cell to sense mechanical cues of its microenvironment, including not only all components of force, stress, and strain but also substrate rigidity, topology, and adhesiveness. This ability is crucial for the cell to respond to the surrounding mechanical cues and adapt to the changing environment. Examples of responses and adaptation include (de)activation, proliferation/apoptosis, and (de)differentiation. Receptor-mediated cell mechanosensing is a multistep process that is initiated by binding of cell surface receptors to their ligands on the extracellular matrix or the surface of adjacent cells. Mechanical cues are presented by the ligand and received by the receptor at the binding interface; but their transmission over space and time and their conversion into biochemical signals may involve other domains and additional molecules. In this review, a four-step model is described for the receptor-mediated cell mechanosensing process. Platelet glycoprotein Ib, T-cell receptor, and integrins are used as examples to illustrate the key concepts and players in this process.
机械传感描述了细胞感知其微环境机械信号的能力，这不仅包括力、应力和应变的所有组成部分，还包括底物刚度、拓扑结构和粘附性。这种能力对于细胞响应周围的机械信号并适应不断变化的环境至关重要。响应和适应的例子包括（去）激活、增殖/凋亡和（去）分化。受体介导的细胞机械传感是一个多步骤过程，由细胞表面受体与细胞外基质或相邻细胞表面的配体结合引发。机械信号由配体呈现，并在结合界面由受体接收；但它们在空间和时间上的传递以及它们转化为生化信号可能涉及其他结构域和额外的分子。在这篇综述中，描述了受体介导的细胞机械传感过程的四步模型。以血小板糖蛋白Ib、T细胞受体和整合素为例来说明这个过程中的关键概念和参与者。
