Hoffmann Marianela, Pérez J Carola, García Catalina, Rojas Graciela, Martínez Vania
Facultad de Psicología, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile.
Escuela de Psicología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Front Psychol. 2017 Dec 18;8:2131. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02131. eCollection 2017.
The aim of this study was to develop an adapted version of the Early Adolescent Temperament Questionnaire-Revised (EATQ-R) that would be valid and reliable for assessing temperament and its components in Chileans between 12 and 18 years of age. Originally, Ellis and Rothbart (2001) developed this questionnaire (EATQ-R) to be used in North American adolescents. For the study in Chile, a translation protocol was developed, to maintain the original instrument's cultural and linguistic equivalence in the adapted version. Psychometric properties of the EATQ-R, such as factor structure, internal consistency, and convergent validity, were also assessed. The adaption and validation was carried out in two stages, with two different studies. The first study, which included 612 adolescent students from educational establishments in the cities of Santiago and Concepcion, Chile, developed the Chilean version of the 83-item EATQ-R, which has 13 dimensions, belonging to 4 theoretical factors with adequate internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.79-0.82). The second study assessed the questionnaire's convergent validity, through its application to 973 adolescent students in Santiago. Results show that the effortful control subscale was significantly inversely related to indicators of adolescent maladjustment, such as substance abuse and behavioral problems. In addition, it was directly associated with indicators of self-concept, including self-esteem and self-efficacy. The opposite pattern was observed when considering negative affect. These findings coincide with current knowledge on the relationship between temperament and adjustment in adolescents.
本研究的目的是开发一份经过改编的青少年早期气质问卷修订版（EATQ-R），使其在评估智利12至18岁青少年的气质及其组成部分时有效且可靠。最初，埃利斯和罗斯巴特（2001年）开发了这份问卷（EATQ-R）用于北美青少年。对于智利的这项研究，制定了一个翻译方案，以在改编版中保持原始工具的文化和语言等效性。还评估了EATQ-R的心理测量特性，如因子结构、内部一致性和收敛效度。改编和验证分两个阶段进行，采用了两项不同的研究。第一项研究纳入了来自智利圣地亚哥和康塞普西翁市教育机构的612名青少年学生，开发了83个项目的智利版EATQ-R，它有13个维度，属于4个理论因子，内部一致性良好（克朗巴赫α系数 = 0.79 - 0.82）。第二项研究通过将问卷应用于圣地亚哥的973名青少年学生来评估其收敛效度。结果表明，努力控制子量表与青少年适应不良指标（如药物滥用和行为问题）显著负相关。此外，它与自我概念指标（包括自尊和自我效能感）直接相关。在考虑消极情绪时观察到相反的模式。这些发现与目前关于青少年气质与适应之间关系的知识相吻合。
