Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource and Compound Prescription, Ministry of Education, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China.
Natural Products Laboratory, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
J Food Drug Anal. 2018 Apr;26(2S):S96-S114. doi: 10.1016/j.jfda.2018.02.004. Epub 2018 Mar 19.
Processing of Chinese medicines is a pharmaceutical technique that transforms medicinal raw materials into decoction pieces for use in different therapies. Various adjuvants, such as vinegar, wine, honey, and brine, are used in the processing to enhance the efficacy and reduce the toxicity of crude drugs. Proper processing is essential to ensure the quality and safety of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). Therefore, sound knowledge of processing principles is crucial to the standardized use of these processing adjuvants and to facilitate the production and clinical use of decoction pieces. Many scientific reports have indicated the synergistic effects of processing mechanisms on the chemistry, pharmacology, and pharmacokinetics of the active ingredients in TCMs. Under certain conditions, adjuvants change the content of active or toxic components in drugs by chemical or physical transformation, increase or decrease drug dissolution, exert their own pharmacological effects, or alter drug pharmacokinetics. This review summarizes various processing methods adopted in the last two decades, and highlights current approaches to identify the effects of processing parameters on TCMs.
中药炮制是一种将药用原料加工成汤剂用于不同疗法的制药技术。在炮制过程中，会使用各种辅料，如醋、酒、蜂蜜和盐水，以提高药效和降低药物毒性。适当的加工对于确保中药的质量和安全性至关重要。因此，了解炮制原理对于这些炮制辅料的标准化使用以及促进汤剂的生产和临床应用至关重要。许多科学报告表明，炮制机制对中药中活性成分的化学、药理学和药代动力学具有协同作用。在某些条件下，辅料通过化学或物理转化改变药物中活性或有毒成分的含量，增加或减少药物溶解，发挥自身的药理作用，或改变药物的药代动力学。本综述总结了过去二十年中采用的各种炮制方法，并强调了当前用于识别炮制参数对中药影响的方法。
