Agricultural Genomics Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Pengfei Road Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518120, China.
BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518083, China.
Gigascience. 2018 Sep 1;7(9):giy101. doi: 10.1093/gigascience/giy101.
The golden apple snail (Pomacea canaliculata) is a freshwater snail listed among the top 100 worst invasive species worldwide and a noted agricultural and quarantine pest that causes great economic losses. It is characterized by fast growth, strong stress tolerance, a high reproduction rate, and adaptation to a broad range of environments.
Here, we used long-read sequencing to produce a 440-Mb high-quality, chromosome-level assembly of the P. canaliculata genome. In total, 50 Mb (11.4%) repeat sequences and 21,533 gene models were identified in the genome. The major findings of this study include the recent explosion of DNA/hAT-Charlie transposable elements, the expansion of the P450 gene family, and the constitution of the cellular homeostasis system, which contributes to ecological plasticity in stress adaptation. In addition, the high transcriptional levels of perivitelline genes in the ovary and albumen gland promote the function of nutrient supply and defense ability in eggs. Furthermore, the gut metagenome also contains diverse genes for food digestion and xenobiotic degradation.
These findings collectively provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of the ecological plasticity and high invasiveness.
黄金苹果蜗牛（Pomacea canaliculata）是全球百大入侵物种之一，也是一种重要的农业和检疫害虫，因其生长迅速、耐受力强、繁殖率高、适应范围广而造成巨大的经济损失。
本研究采用长读长测序技术，获得了高质量的 440-Mb 染色体水平的 P. canaliculata 基因组组装。该基因组共鉴定出 50 Mb（11.4%）重复序列和 21533 个基因模型。本研究的主要发现包括 DNA/hAT-Charlie 转座元件的近期爆发、P450 基因家族的扩张以及细胞内稳态系统的构成，这有助于其在适应压力时表现出生态可塑性。此外，卵巢和蛋白腺中卵黄蛋白基因的高转录水平促进了卵中营养供应和防御能力的功能。此外，肠道宏基因组还包含了用于食物消化和异生物质降解的多样化基因。
这些发现为生态可塑性和高入侵性的分子机制提供了新的见解。
