Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States of America; Department of Global Environmental Health Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States of America.
Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States of America; Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America.
Environ Int. 2018 Dec;121(Pt 1):695-702. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.09.058. Epub 2018 Oct 11.
Oil spill response and cleanup (OSRC) workers had potentially stressful experiences during mitigation efforts following the 2010 Deepwater Horizon disaster. Smelling chemicals; skin or clothing contact with oil; heat stress; handling oily plants/wildlife or dead animal recovery; and/or being out of regular work may have posed a risk to worker respiratory health through psychological stress mechanisms.
To evaluate the association between six potentially stressful oil spill experiences and lung function among OSRC workers 1-3 years following the Deepwater Horizon disaster, while controlling for primary oil spill inhalation hazards and other potential confounders.
Of 6811 GuLF STUDY participants who performed OSRC work and completed a quality spirometry test, 4806 provided information on all exposures and confounders. We carried out complete case analysis and used multiple imputation to assess risk among the larger sample. Potentially stressful work experiences were identified from an earlier study of these workers. The lung function parameters of interest include the forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV, mL), the forced vital capacity (FVC, mL) and the ratio (FEV/FVC, %).
On average, participants in the analytic sample completed spirometry tests 1.7 years after the spill. Among workers with at least 2 acceptable FEV and FVC curves, workers with jobs that involved oily plants/wildlife or dead animal recovery had lower values for FEV (Mean difference: -53 mL, 95% CI: -84, -22), FVC (Mean difference: -45 mL, 95% CI: -81, -9) and FEV/FVC (Mean difference: -0.44%, 95% CI: -0.80, -0.07) compared to unexposed workers in analyses using multiple imputation.
Workers involved in handling oily plants/wildlife or dead animal recovery had lower lung function than unexposed workers after accounting for other OSRC inhalation hazards.
在 2010 年深海地平线灾难的缓解工作中，溢油应急和清理（OSRC）工作人员可能经历了压力很大的情况。在处理化学品气味、皮肤或衣物接触油污、热应激、处理油污植物/野生动物或死体回收以及/或不在正常工作时间内工作时，这些经历可能通过心理压力机制对工人的呼吸健康造成风险。
在控制主要溢油吸入危害和其他潜在混杂因素的情况下，评估 6 种潜在压力大的溢油经历与深海地平线灾难发生后 1-3 年内 OSRC 工人的肺功能之间的关联。
在参与 OSRC 工作并完成质量肺活量测试的 6811 名 GuLF STUDY 参与者中，有 4806 人提供了所有暴露和混杂因素的信息。我们进行了完整病例分析，并使用多重插补法评估了较大样本中的风险。从这些工人的早期研究中确定了潜在的压力工作经历。感兴趣的肺功能参数包括 1 秒用力呼气量（FEV，毫升）、用力肺活量（FVC，毫升）和比值（FEV/FVC，%）。
平均而言，分析样本中的参与者在溢油后完成肺活量测试的时间为 1.7 年。在至少有 2 次可接受的 FEV 和 FVC 曲线的工人中，从事油污植物/野生动物或死体回收工作的工人的 FEV 值较低（平均差异：-53 毫升，95%CI：-84，-22）、FVC（平均差异：-45 毫升，95%CI：-81，-9）和 FEV/FVC（平均差异：-0.44%，95%CI：-0.80，-0.07）与使用多重插补法进行分析的未暴露工人相比。
在考虑其他 OSRC 吸入危害后，从事油污植物/野生动物或死体回收工作的工人的肺功能比未暴露工人低。
