Clinical Nutrition Unit, Medical Oncology, Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Bari, Policlinico, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy.
General Medicine A.S.L. Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy.
Nutrients. 2018 Nov 7;10(11):1700. doi: 10.3390/nu10111700.
Hypertension is the main risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality. Some studies have reported that food typical of the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet), such as whole grains, vegetables, fruits, nuts, and extra virgin olive oil, have a favorable effect on the risk of hypertension, whereas food not typical of this dietary pattern such as red meat, processed meat, and poultry has an unfavorable effect. In this review, we have summarized observational and intervention studies, meta-analyses, and systematic reviews that have evaluated the effects of the MedDiet as a pattern towards blood pressure (BP). However, the number of such studies is small. In general terms, the MedDiet has a favorable effect in reducing BP in hypertensive or healthy people but we do not have enough data to declare how strong this effect is. Many more studies are required to fully understand the BP changes induced by the MedDiet.
高血压是心血管疾病（CVD）和全因死亡率的主要危险因素。一些研究报告称，地中海饮食（MedDiet）中的典型食物，如全谷物、蔬菜、水果、坚果和特级初榨橄榄油，对高血压的风险有有利影响，而这种饮食模式中不典型的食物，如红肉、加工肉和禽肉，则有不利影响。在这篇综述中，我们总结了评估地中海饮食模式对血压（BP）影响的观察性和干预性研究、荟萃分析和系统评价。然而，此类研究的数量较少。一般来说，地中海饮食对降低高血压或健康人群的血压有有利影响，但我们没有足够的数据来确定这种影响的强度。需要进行更多的研究才能充分了解地中海饮食引起的血压变化。
