Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States.
Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States.
Sci Rep. 2019 Feb 26;9(1):2782. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-38978-w.
We identified the most popular electronic cigarette (EC) refill fluids using an Internet survey and local and online sales information, quantified their flavor chemicals, and evaluated cytotoxicities of the fluids and flavor chemicals. "Berries/Fruits/Citrus" was the most popular EC refill fluid flavor category. Twenty popular EC refill fluids were purchased from local shops, and the ingredient flavor chemicals were identified and quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Total flavor chemical concentrations ranged from 0.6 to 27.9 mg/ml, and in 95% of the fluids, total flavor concentration was greater than nicotine concentration. The 20 most popular refill fluids contained 99 quantifiable flavor chemicals; each refill fluid contained 22 to 47 flavor chemicals, most being esters. Some chemicals were found frequently, and several were present in most products. At a 1% concentration, 80% of the refill fluids were cytotoxic in the MTT assay. Six pure standards of the flavor chemicals found at the highest concentrations in the two most cytotoxic refill fluids were effective in the MTT assay, and ethyl maltol, which was in over 50% of the products, was the most cytotoxic. These data show that the cytotoxicity of some popular refill fluids can be attributed to their high concentrations of flavor chemicals.
我们通过互联网调查和本地及在线销售信息，确定了最受欢迎的电子烟（EC）补充液，并对其风味化学品进行了量化，并评估了这些液体和风味化学品的细胞毒性。“浆果/水果/柑橘”是最受欢迎的 EC 补充液风味类别。我们从当地商店购买了 20 种流行的 EC 补充液，并通过气相色谱-质谱法鉴定和量化了成分风味化学品。总风味化学物质浓度范围为 0.6 至 27.9mg/ml，在 95%的液体中，总风味浓度大于尼古丁浓度。20 种最受欢迎的补充液中含有 99 种可量化的风味化学品；每种补充液含有 22 至 47 种风味化学品，其中大多数是酯类。一些化学品经常被发现，而且有几种化学物质存在于大多数产品中。在 1%的浓度下，80%的补充液在 MTT 测定中具有细胞毒性。在两种最具细胞毒性的补充液中含量最高的 6 种纯风味化学品标准品在 MTT 测定中均有效，而存在于超过 50%产品中的乙基麦芽酚的细胞毒性最强。这些数据表明，一些流行的补充液的细胞毒性可能归因于其高浓度的风味化学品。
