Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory Code 6910, Washington, DC, 20375, USA.
College of Science, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA.
Adv Healthc Mater. 2019 May;8(9):e1801546. doi: 10.1002/adhm.201801546. Epub 2019 Mar 7.
DNA self-assembly has proven to be a highly versatile tool for engineering complex and dynamic biocompatible nanostructures from the bottom up with a wide range of potential bioapplications currently being pursued. Primary among these is healthcare, with the goal of developing diagnostic, imaging, and drug delivery devices along with combinatorial theranostic devices. The path to understanding a role for DNA nanotechnology in biomedical sciences is being approached carefully and systematically, starting from analyzing the stability and immune-stimulatory properties of DNA nanostructures in physiological conditions, to estimating their accessibility and application inside cellular and model animal systems. Much remains to be uncovered but the field continues to show promising results toward developing useful biomedical devices. This review discusses some aspects of DNA nanotechnology that makes it a favorable ingredient for creating nanoscale research and biomedical devices and looks at experiments undertaken to determine its stability in vivo. This is presented in conjugation with examples of state-of-the-art developments in biomolecular sensing, imaging, and drug delivery. Finally, some of the major challenges that warrant the attention of the scientific community are highlighted, in order to advance the field into clinically relevant applications.
DNA 自组装已被证明是一种非常通用的工具，可用于从底层工程复杂和动态的生物相容性纳米结构，目前正在追求广泛的潜在生物应用。其中主要是医疗保健，目标是开发诊断、成像和药物输送设备以及组合治疗设备。理解 DNA 纳米技术在生物医学科学中的作用的途径正在被谨慎和系统地接近，从分析生理条件下 DNA 纳米结构的稳定性和免疫刺激性开始，到估计它们在细胞和模型动物系统中的可及性和应用。仍有许多未知之处，但该领域继续朝着开发有用的生物医学设备的方向显示出有希望的结果。本文讨论了 DNA 纳米技术的一些方面，使其成为创建纳米级研究和生物医学设备的理想成分，并探讨了为确定其体内稳定性而进行的实验。这与生物分子传感、成像和药物输送的最新进展的例子结合在一起。最后，强调了一些需要科学界关注的主要挑战，以将该领域推进到临床相关应用。
