Rexhepi Meral, Besimi Florin, Rufati Nagip, Alili Arian, Bajrami Sani, Ismaili Hysni
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Clinical Hospital, Tetovo, Republic of Macedonia.
Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Tetovo, Tetovo, Republic of Macedonia.
Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2019 Mar 14;7(5):760-766. doi: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.210. eCollection 2019 Mar 15.
Adolescent pregnancy, defined as a pregnancy in girls aged 10 to 19 years. Adolescent mothers are at high risk for maternal and neonatal complications.
To compare maternal, perinatal and neonatal outcomes in adolescents and adult women aged 20-24 years.
This retrospective cohort study included all singleton pregnancies during a three-year period (January 2016-December 2018) who gave birth in a Clinical Hospital in Tetovo, Republic of Macedonia. After exclusion criteria, a total of 932 cases were reviewed and divided into two groups: one of the teenage mothers (< 19 years old) (115 women) and the other of adult mothers (20-24 years old) (817 women).
Of the total number of 5643 births, 128 (2.27%) were from adolescent pregnancies. Of them, nulliparous adolescent women were 115 (2.04%). Adolescents compare to adult mothers had a higher rate of urinary tract infections (33% vs. 22%), increased rate of maternal anemia (26% vs. 15%), preterm birth, small for gestational age newborns (25.2% vs. 17.1%), lower high school attendance (0 vs. 21.9%) and inadequate prenatal care. Spontaneous labour was more common in adolescents (73% vs 63.5%), while Caesarean sections were less common than in women aged 20-24 years (25.2% vs 33.5%). The rate of other perinatal outcomes was not significantly different between the 2 groups.
The results of the study showed that the frequencies of some maternal, perinatal and neonatal complications were considerably higher in adolescent mothers.
青少年妊娠定义为10至19岁女孩怀孕。青少年母亲面临孕产妇和新生儿并发症的高风险。
比较青少年与20 - 24岁成年女性的孕产妇、围产期和新生儿结局。
这项回顾性队列研究纳入了在马其顿共和国泰托沃一家临床医院分娩的、三年期间（2016年1月 - 2018年12月）的所有单胎妊娠。经过排除标准筛选后，共审查了932例病例，并分为两组：一组是青少年母亲（<19岁）（115名女性），另一组是成年母亲（20 - 24岁）（817名女性）。
在5643例分娩总数中，128例（2.27%）来自青少年妊娠。其中，初产青少年女性为115例（2.04%）。与成年母亲相比，青少年尿路感染率更高（33%对22%），孕产妇贫血率增加（26%对15%），早产、小于胎龄新生儿发生率更高（25.2%对17.1%），高中入学率更低（0对21.9%）且产前护理不足。青少年自然分娩更为常见（73%对63.5%），而剖宫产比20 - 24岁女性少见（25.2%对33.5%）。两组间其他围产期结局发生率无显著差异。
研究结果表明，青少年母亲中一些孕产妇、围产期和新生儿并发症的发生率明显更高。
