Department of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt.
Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2019 Aug;26(23):23209-23218. doi: 10.1007/s11356-019-05805-8. Epub 2019 Jun 26.
Lead (Pb) is a toxic heavy metal and an environmental pollutant, particularly because of its anthropogenic activity. The main impacts of Pb is recognized to cause injurious influences of various levels of the tropic chain, due to bio-accumulated lead causes many health issues such as intoxication of different body organs, such as kidneys and liver, and reproductive and nervous systems. Industrial lead toxicity has reduced as a result of the attempts to decrease the lead levels in the surrounding work environment. Conversably, health risks related with long-term environmental exposure to a low dose of Pb have been steadily demonstrated. Long-term exposure to lead toxicity caused inflammatory infiltration, degenerative changes in testicular tissues, reduction in spermatocytes, necrosis of hepatocytes, degeneration in renal tubules, and renal epithelium hypertrophy. Hence, we need an influential approach to vanquish lead toxicity. This consequence has emerged the necessity for potentially safe represent remedy, favorably keeping both enhancement and chelating of the antioxidant competences. Many antioxidants have been used for chelating heavy toxic pollutants such as lead and oxidative stress released in excess during lead exposure. Several studies have stated the noticeable gathering of herbal singly or in combination in modulating lead-induced disturbances, therefore proposing great promise in enhancing health status and welfare of man as well as animals. For this, in the current review, we tried to discuss the enormous harmful influences of lead toxicity on the animal model and the disturbing truth that this detrimental toxic substance can be found quite simply in the surroundings and amplitude.
铅（Pb）是一种有毒重金属和环境污染物，特别是由于其人为活动。主要影响是由于生物积累的铅会对各种营养级别的生物链造成伤害，导致许多健康问题，如肾脏和肝脏等器官中毒，以及生殖和神经系统中毒。由于试图降低周围工作环境中的铅含量，工业铅毒性已经减少。相反，与长期环境暴露于低剂量铅相关的健康风险已得到证实。长期暴露于铅毒性会导致炎症浸润、睾丸组织退行性变化、精母细胞减少、肝细胞坏死、肾小管和肾上皮细胞肥大。因此，我们需要一种有影响力的方法来克服铅毒性。这种后果使得我们需要寻找一种潜在安全的治疗方法，以有效地增强和螯合抗氧化能力。许多抗氧化剂已被用于螯合重金属如铅等有毒污染物以及在铅暴露过程中过量释放的氧化应激。许多研究表明，单一或联合使用草药可以调节铅诱导的紊乱，因此为提高人类和动物的健康状况和福利提供了巨大的希望。为此，在本次综述中，我们试图讨论铅毒性对动物模型的巨大有害影响，以及这一有害有毒物质在环境中很容易被发现的事实。
