Exercise Physiology and Cardiovascular Health Lab, Division of Cardiac Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7, Canada.
Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada.
Nutrients. 2019 Sep 2;11(9):2054. doi: 10.3390/nu11092054.
Unfavourable dietary behaviours of female nurses, especially among shift-working nurses, including high snacking frequency, short fasting period and large day-to-day energy intake variability may be linked with adverse health. In this study we: (1) examined the relationship between dietary behaviour and cardiometabolic and psychological health in female nurses; and, (2) compared dietary behaviour, cardiometabolic and psychological health between shift-working and non-shift-working female nurses. A total of 73 nurses had their cardiometabolic health indicators evaluated and completed psychological health questionnaires; 55 completed a 3-day dietary log. Associations between dietary behaviour and health measures were examined using Spearman's partial correlation analysis. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to compare dietary behaviour and health indicators between shift- and non-shift-working nurses. The majority of snacks consumed by nurses (70%) were unhealthy snacks (e.g., chocolate and chips), and higher snacking frequency was associated with greater percent body fat (r(50) = 0.287, = 0.039), and worse mood-tension (r(48) = 0.327, = 0.021) and anger-hostility (r(48) = 0.289, = 0.042) scores. Day-to-day energy intake variability was positively associated with body mass index (BMI, r(50) = 0.356, = 0.010) and waist circumference (r(50) = 0.283, = 0.042). Shift-working nurses exhibited shorter fasting duration, larger day-to-day energy intake variability and higher total mood disturbance score when compared to their non-shift-working colleagues (all < 0.05). The results of the present study suggested that addressing dietary behaviours may improve the cardiometabolic and psychological health of female nurses. Shift-working nurses may require a more specific dietary program to improve their psychological health.
女性护士，尤其是轮班护士，存在不良的饮食行为，包括频繁吃零食、空腹时间短和每日能量摄入变化大，这些可能与健康不良有关。在这项研究中，我们：（1）研究了女性护士的饮食行为与心血管代谢和心理健康之间的关系；（2）比较了轮班和非轮班女性护士的饮食行为、心血管代谢和心理健康。共有 73 名护士接受了心血管代谢健康指标评估，并完成了心理健康问卷；其中 55 名护士完成了 3 天的饮食记录。使用 Spearman 部分相关分析检查饮食行为与健康指标之间的关联。使用协方差分析（ANCOVA）比较轮班和非轮班护士的饮食行为和健康指标。护士所吃的零食中，大多数（70%）是不健康的零食（如巧克力和薯片），吃零食的频率越高，体脂百分比越高（r（50）= 0.287， = 0.039），情绪紧张（r（48）= 0.327， = 0.021）和愤怒敌意（r（48）= 0.289， = 0.042）得分越差。每日能量摄入变化与体重指数（BMI，r（50）= 0.356， = 0.010）和腰围（r（50）= 0.283， = 0.042）呈正相关。与非轮班护士相比，轮班护士的空腹时间更短、每日能量摄入变化更大、总体情绪困扰评分更高（均 < 0.05）。本研究结果表明，解决饮食行为问题可能会改善女性护士的心血管代谢和心理健康。轮班护士可能需要更具体的饮食计划来改善他们的心理健康。
