Gibson Andrew D, Mazeri Stella, Yale Gowri, Desai Santosh, Naik Vilas, Corfmat Julie, Ortmann Steffen, King Alasdair, Müller Thomas, Handel Ian, Bronsvoort Berend MdeC, Gamble Luke, Mellanby Richard J, Vos Ad
Mission Rabies, Cranborne, Dorset BH21 5PZ, UK.
The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and the Roslin Institute, Easter Bush Campus, The University of Edinburgh, Roslin, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK.
Trop Med Infect Dis. 2019 Sep 4;4(3):118. doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed4030118.
To achieve the global goal of canine-mediated human rabies elimination by 2030 there is an urgent need to scale-up mass dog vaccination activities in regions with large dog populations that are difficult to access; a common situation in much of India. Oral rabies vaccination may enable the vaccination of free-roaming dogs that are inaccessible to parenteral vaccination, and is considered a promising complementary measure to parenteral mass dog vaccination campaigns. WHO and OIE have published detailed minimum requirements for rabies vaccines and baits to be used for this purpose, requiring that baits must not only be well-accepted by the target population but must also efficiently release the vaccine in the oral cavity. For oral rabies vaccination approaches to be successful, it is necessary to develop baits which have a high uptake by the target population, are culturally accepted and amenable to mass production. The aim of this study was to compare the interest and uptake rates of meat-based and an egg-based prototype bait constructs by free roaming dogs in Goa, India. Three teams randomly distributed two prototype baits; an egg-flavoured bait and a commercial meat dog food (gravy) flavoured bait. The outcomes of consumption were recorded and compared between baits and dog variables. : A total of 209 egg-bait and 195 gravy-bait distributions were recorded and analysed. No difference ( = 0.99) was found in the percentage of dogs interested in the baits when offered. However, significantly more dogs consumed the egg-bait than the gravy-bait; 77.5% versus 68.7% ( = 0.04). The release of the blue-dyed water inside the sachet in the oral cavity of the animals was significant higher in the dogs consuming an egg-bait compared to the gravy-bait (73.4% versus 56.7%, = 0.001). : The egg-based bait had a high uptake amongst free roaming dogs and also enabled efficient release of the vaccine in the oral cavity, whilst also avoiding culturally relevant materials of bovine or porcine meat products.
为实现到2030年消除犬传人狂犬病的全球目标，迫切需要在犬只数量众多且难以进入的地区扩大大规模犬类疫苗接种活动；印度大部分地区都是这种情况。口服狂犬病疫苗接种可使无法进行注射疫苗接种的流浪犬接种疫苗，被视为对大规模犬类注射疫苗接种运动的一种有前景的补充措施。世卫组织和国际兽疫局已发布了用于此目的的狂犬病疫苗和诱饵的详细最低要求，要求诱饵不仅必须被目标群体广泛接受，而且还必须在口腔中有效释放疫苗。为使口服狂犬病疫苗接种方法取得成功，有必要开发出目标群体接受度高、在文化上被接受且适合大规模生产的诱饵。本研究的目的是比较印度果阿地区流浪犬对基于肉类和基于鸡蛋的原型诱饵结构的兴趣和摄取率。三个小组随机分发了两种原型诱饵；一种鸡蛋味诱饵和一种商业肉味狗粮（肉汁）味诱饵。记录了食用结果，并在诱饵和犬类变量之间进行了比较。：共记录并分析了209次鸡蛋诱饵分发和195次肉汁诱饵分发。提供诱饵时，对诱饵感兴趣的犬只百分比没有差异（P = 0.99）。然而，食用鸡蛋诱饵的犬只明显多于食用肉汁诱饵的犬只；分别为77.5%和68.7%（P = 0.04）。与肉汁诱饵相比，食用鸡蛋诱饵的犬只口腔中袋内蓝色染色水的释放量明显更高（73.4%对56.7%，P = 0.001）。：基于鸡蛋的诱饵在流浪犬中摄取率高，还能使疫苗在口腔中有效释放，同时避免了使用与牛或猪肉产品相关的具有文化意义的材料。
