Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
Int J Nanomedicine. 2019 Oct 21;14:8321-8344. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S218085. eCollection 2019.
Contrast agents (CAs) play a crucial role in high-quality magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) applications. At present, as a result of the Gd-based CAs which are associated with renal fibrosis as well as the inherent dark imaging characteristics of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, Mn-based CAs which have a good biocompatibility and bright images are considered ideal for MRI. In addition, manganese oxide nanoparticles (MONs, such as MnO, MnO, MnO, and MnO) have attracted attention as T1-weighted magnetic resonance CAs due to the short circulation time of Mn(II) ion chelate and the size-controlled circulation time of colloidal nanoparticles. In this review, recent advances in the use of MONs as MRI contrast agents for tumor detection and diagnosis are reported, as are the advances in in vivo toxicity, distribution and tumor microenvironment-responsive enhanced tumor chemotherapy and radiotherapy as well as photothermal and photodynamic therapies.
造影剂（CA）在高质量磁共振成像（MRI）应用中起着至关重要的作用。目前，由于基于 Gd 的 CA 与肾纤维化有关，以及超顺磁氧化铁纳米颗粒固有的暗成像特性，具有良好生物相容性和明亮图像的 Mn 基 CA 被认为是 MRI 的理想选择。此外，由于 Mn(II)离子螯合物的短循环时间和胶体纳米颗粒的尺寸控制循环时间，氧化锰纳米颗粒（MONs，如 MnO、MnO、MnO 和 MnO）作为 T1 加权磁共振 CA 引起了人们的关注。在这篇综述中，报道了 MONs 作为 MRI 对比剂用于肿瘤检测和诊断的最新进展，以及体内毒性、分布和肿瘤微环境响应增强肿瘤化疗和放疗以及光热和光动力疗法的进展。
