Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal plants, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Industries, Future University in Egypt, Cairo 11835, Egypt.
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, 11566 Cairo, Egypt.
Mar Drugs. 2020 Jan 6;18(1):41. doi: 10.3390/md18010041.
One of the most widely distributed soft coral species, found especially in shallow waters of the Indo-Pacific region, Red Sea, Mediterranean Sea, and also the Arctic, is genus . The total number of species belonging to it was estimated to be 40. species are considered to be a reservoir of bioactive natural metabolites. Secondary metabolites isolated from members belonging to this genus show great chemical diversity. They are rich in terpenoids, in particular, cembranoids diterpenes, tetratepenoids, triterpenoids, and ceramide, in addition to steroids, sesquiterpenes, and fatty acids. They showed a broad range of potent biological activities, such as antitumor, neuroprotective, antimicrobial, antiviral, antidiabetic, antifouling, and anti-inflammatory activity. This review presents all isolated secondary metabolites from species of genera , as well as their reported biological activities covering a period of about two decades (1998-2019). It deals with 481 metabolites, including 323 diterpenes, 39 biscembranoids, 11 sesquiterpenes, 53 polyoxygenated sterols, and 55 miscellaneous and their pharmacological activities.
软珊瑚属是分布最广的珊瑚物种之一，尤其分布在印度-太平洋地区、红海、地中海和北极的浅水区域。据估计，该属的物种总数约为 40 种。该属的一些物种被认为是生物活性天然代谢物的储库。从属于该属的成员中分离出的次生代谢产物显示出很大的化学多样性。它们富含萜类化合物，特别是海松烷二萜、四萜、三萜和神经酰胺，此外还有甾体、倍半萜和脂肪酸。它们表现出广泛的强效生物活性，如抗肿瘤、神经保护、抗菌、抗病毒、抗糖尿病、防污和抗炎活性。本综述介绍了属种的所有分离次生代谢产物，以及它们的报道的生物活性，涵盖了大约二十年的时间（1998-2019 年）。它涉及 481 种代谢物，包括 323 种二萜、39 种双海松烷、11 种倍半萜、53 种多氧化甾醇和 55 种其他化合物及其药理学活性。
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