Smith R, Russo J, Fiegel J, Brogden N
Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2020 Feb 1;9(2):56. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics9020056.
The epidermal skin barrier protects the body from a host of daily challenges, providing protection against mechanical insults and the absorption of chemicals and xenobiotics. In addition to the physical barrier, the epidermis also presents an innate defense against microbial overgrowth. This is achieved through the presence of a diverse collection of microorganisms on the skin (the "microbiota") that maintain a delicate balance with the host and play a significant role in overall human health. When the skin is wounded, the local tissue with a compromised barrier can become colonized and ultimately infected if bacterial growth overcomes the host response. Wound infections present an immense burden in healthcare costs and decreased quality of life for patients, and treatment becomes increasingly important because of the negative impact that infection has on slowing the rate of wound healing. In this review, we discuss specific challenges of treating wound infections and the advances in drug delivery platforms and formulations that are under development to improve topical delivery of antimicrobial treatments.
表皮皮肤屏障保护身体免受一系列日常挑战，防止机械损伤以及化学物质和外源性物质的吸收。除了物理屏障外，表皮还对微生物过度生长具有先天性防御能力。这是通过皮肤上存在的多种微生物群落（“微生物群”）实现的，这些微生物与宿主保持着微妙的平衡，并在人类整体健康中发挥重要作用。当皮肤受伤时，如果细菌生长超过宿主反应，屏障受损的局部组织可能会被定植并最终感染。伤口感染给医疗成本带来巨大负担，并降低患者的生活质量，由于感染对伤口愈合速度的负面影响，治疗变得越来越重要。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了治疗伤口感染的具体挑战以及正在开发的药物递送平台和制剂的进展，以改善抗菌治疗的局部递送。
