Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Versailles, France.
Ann Bot. 2020 May 13;125(6):993-1002. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcaa026.
Camelina (Camelina sativa, Brassicaceae) has attracted interest in recent years as a novel oilseed crop, and an increasing number of studies have sought to enhance camelina's yield potential or to modify the composition of its oil. The ability of camelina to cross-hybridize with its wild relative, C. microcarpa, is of interest as a potential source of genetic variability for the crop.
Manual crosses were performed between the crop C. sativa and its wild relative C. microcarpa; F1 and F2 progenies were obtained. Cytology was used to study meiosis in the parents and F1s and to evaluate pollen viability. Flow cytometry was used to estimate nuclear DNA amounts and fatty acid methyl ester analysis was used to evaluate the lipid composition of F3 seeds.
The F1 plants obtained by interspecific crossing presented severe abnormalities at meiosis and low pollen viability, and produced very few F2 seeds. The F2s presented diverse phenotypes and in some cases severe developmental abnormalities. Many F2s were aneuploid. The F2s produced highly variable numbers of F3 seeds, and certain F3 seeds presented atypical lipid profiles.
Considering the meiotic abnormalities observed and the probability of aneuploidy in the F2 plants, the C. microcarpa accessions used in this study would be difficult to use as sources of genetic variability for the crop.
荠蓝（荠蓝，十字花科）近年来作为一种新型油料作物引起了人们的关注，越来越多的研究试图提高荠蓝的产量潜力或改变其油的成分。荠蓝与野生近缘种荠蓝（Camelina microcarpa）能够杂交，这是该作物获得遗传变异的潜在来源。
在作物荠蓝和其野生近缘种荠蓝之间进行了人工杂交；获得了 F1 和 F2 后代。细胞学用于研究亲本和 F1 的减数分裂，并评估花粉活力。流式细胞术用于估计核 DNA 含量，脂肪酸甲酯分析用于评估 F3 种子的脂质组成。
通过种间杂交获得的 F1 植物在减数分裂过程中出现严重异常，花粉活力低，产生的 F2 种子很少。F2 呈现出多种表型，在某些情况下出现严重的发育异常。许多 F2 是非整倍体。F2 产生的 F3 种子数量变化很大，某些 F3 种子呈现出非典型的脂质谱。
考虑到观察到的减数分裂异常和 F2 植物中出现非整倍体的可能性，本研究中使用的荠蓝近缘种作为该作物遗传变异的来源将非常困难。
