Karunarathna Ruwani, Ahmed Khawaja Ashfaque, Liu Mengying, Yu Chenfang, Popowich Shelly, Goonewardene Kalhari, Gunawardana Thushari, Kurukulasuriya Shanika, Gupta Ashish, Ayalew Lisanework E, Willson Philip, Ngeleka Musangu, Gomis Susantha
Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
Canadian Centre for Health and Safety in Agriculture, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
Int J Vet Sci Med. 2020 Jan 23;8(1):9-17. doi: 10.1080/23144599.2019.1698145. eCollection 2020.
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global issue, posing a grave threat to the public, animal, and environmental health. The AMR surveillance at the level of the hatchery is crucial to develop an AMR control strategy in the poultry industry. The objective of this study was to investigate the AMR profiles of bacteria isolated from yolk material of non-viable broiler chicken embryos at hatch from commercial hatcheries in western Canada. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method focusing on (n = 170) and (n = 256) species, which are commonly used as indicators of AMR evolution. isolates were resistant to tetracycline, ampicillin, amoxycillin-clavulanic acid, triple sulpha, ceftiofur, gentamycin, and spectinomycin at the rate of 52.9%, 50.6%, 40.0% 31.8%, 29.4%, 29.4%, 21.8% respectively. Among those, 37.1% of were multidrug resistant. The descending order of antimicrobial resistance of was; tetracycline (61.9%), ceftiofur (46.2%), bacitracin (43.9%), erythromycin (31.4%) and tylosin (27.4%). Multidrug resistance was detected in 40.4% of isolates, and 85.7% of isolates. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on AMR surveillance of non-viable chicken embryos. Overall, the present study revealed that non-viable chicken embryos, an overlooked niche for AMR surveillance, harbour multidrug-resistant , and enterococci that can be a substantial source of superbugs in the environment. Our data also highlight the urgency of including non-viable chicken embryos in AMR surveillance programme to understand AMR dissemination and its control.
抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）是一个全球性问题，对公众、动物和环境卫生构成严重威胁。孵化场层面的AMR监测对于制定家禽业的AMR控制策略至关重要。本研究的目的是调查从加拿大西部商业孵化场孵化时死亡的肉鸡胚胎卵黄物质中分离出的细菌的AMR谱。采用 Kirby-Bauer 纸片扩散法进行抗菌药物敏感性测试，重点关注常用于AMR演变指标的（n = 170）和（n = 256）物种。分离株对四环素、氨苄青霉素、阿莫西林 - 克拉维酸、三联磺胺、头孢噻呋、庆大霉素和壮观霉素的耐药率分别为52.9%、50.6%、40.0%、31.8%、29.4%、29.4%、21.8%。其中，37.1%的分离株对多种药物耐药。的抗菌药物耐药性从高到低依次为：四环素（61.9%）、头孢噻呋（46.2%）、杆菌肽（43.9%）、红霉素（31.4%）和泰乐菌素（27.4%）。在40.4%的分离株和85.7%的分离株中检测到多重耐药性。据我们所知，这是关于死亡鸡胚胎AMR监测的首次报告。总体而言，本研究表明，死亡鸡胚胎是AMR监测中一个被忽视的生态位，其中含有多重耐药的和肠球菌，它们可能是环境中超级细菌的重要来源。我们的数据还强调了将死亡鸡胚胎纳入AMR监测计划以了解AMR传播及其控制的紧迫性。
