Center for Ethnobotanical and Ethnopharmacological Studies (CEE), Department of Environmental Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil.
Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
PLoS One. 2020 May 7;15(5):e0232288. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232288. eCollection 2020.
Ethnobotanical studies that include participatory methods aim to engage residents in different steps to promote the strengthening and perpetuation of local culture, and empowerment in making decisions about the use of available environmental resources. Thus, the aim of this project was to perform an ethnobotanical survey based on traditional knowledge of medicinal plants with the active participation of residents living in Bairro do Cambury, Ubatuba, São Paulo State, Brazil.
During meetings held between the researchers and community members, locally used plants were regarded as an important means for preserving local knowledge for future generations. Some residents showed interest in participating as local partners, and training courses for collecting ethnobotanical data were offered. Local partners and researchers from São Paulo Federal University (Universidade Federal de São Paulo) utilized ethnobotanical methods to select and interview the specialists in medicinal plants for 80 days between 2016 and 2018. Data on plant use were recorded, and plants were collected and deposited in two herbaria. Furthermore, participant observation and fieldwork diaries were used by the researchers, aiding the data analysis.
Three local partners participated in objective definitions, data collection, analysis and publication. Nine local specialists were interviewed by the local partners and indicated the use of 82 plant species in 90 recipes for 55 therapeutic uses. These uses were grouped into 12 categories. In addition, a video and booklet were created.
Data obtained during participatory research show that training local communities in the registration of their own knowledge is feasible and necessary since they register knowledge based on local perceptions, as well as valuing knowledge and approaching the current discussion about intellectual property is a global concern.
民族植物学研究包括参与性方法，旨在让居民参与不同步骤，以促进加强和延续当地文化，并在利用现有环境资源方面赋予他们决策权。因此，本项目旨在在巴西圣保罗州乌巴图巴市坎布里社区居民的积极参与下，进行基于药用植物传统知识的民族植物学调查。
在研究人员和社区成员举行的会议期间，当地使用的植物被视为保护当地知识以留给后代的重要手段。一些居民对作为当地合作伙伴参与表现出兴趣，并提供了收集民族植物学数据的培训课程。当地合作伙伴和来自圣保罗联邦大学的研究人员利用民族植物学方法，在 2016 年至 2018 年间进行了 80 天的选择和采访药用植物专家。记录了植物使用的数据，并收集和存放了两种植物标本馆中的植物。此外，研究人员还使用了参与观察和实地工作日记，以辅助数据分析。
有三位当地合作伙伴参与了目标定义、数据收集、分析和发表。由当地合作伙伴采访了 9 位当地专家，他们指出了 82 种植物在 90 种治疗用途的 55 种配方中的使用情况。这些用途被分为 12 类。此外，还创建了一个视频和一本小册子。
参与式研究获得的数据表明，对当地社区进行自身知识登记的培训是可行且必要的，因为他们根据当地的认知进行知识登记，重视知识并探讨当前知识产权的讨论是全球关注的问题。
