Loretan Morgane, Domljanovic Ivana, Lakatos Mathias, Rüegg Curzio, Acuna Guillermo P
Photonic Nanosystems, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 3, PER08, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
Laboratory of Experimental and Translational Oncology, Department of Oncology, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 18, PER17, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
Materials (Basel). 2020 May 9;13(9):2185. doi: 10.3390/ma13092185.
DNA nanotechnology is a powerful and promising tool for the development of nanoscale devices for numerous and diverse applications. One of the greatest potential fields of application for DNA nanotechnology is in biomedicine, in particular biosensing. Thanks to the control over their size, shape, and fabrication, DNA origami represents a unique opportunity to assemble dynamic and complex devices with precise and predictable structural characteristics. Combined with the addressability and flexibility of the chemistry for DNA functionalization, DNA origami allows the precise design of sensors capable of detecting a large range of different targets, encompassing RNA, DNA, proteins, small molecules, or changes in physico-chemical parameters, that could serve as diagnostic tools. Here, we review some recent, salient developments in DNA origami-based sensors centered on optical detection methods (readout) with a special emphasis on the sensitivity, the selectivity, and response time. We also discuss challenges that still need to be addressed before this approach can be translated into robust diagnostic devices for bio-medical applications.
DNA纳米技术是一种强大且前景广阔的工具，可用于开发适用于众多不同应用的纳米级设备。DNA纳米技术最具潜力的应用领域之一是生物医学，尤其是生物传感。由于能够控制其大小、形状和制造过程，DNA折纸术为组装具有精确且可预测结构特征的动态复杂设备提供了独特的契机。结合DNA功能化化学的可寻址性和灵活性，DNA折纸术使得能够精确设计传感器，这些传感器能够检测包括RNA、DNA、蛋白质、小分子或物理化学参数变化在内的多种不同目标，可作为诊断工具。在此，我们回顾了基于DNA折纸术的传感器近期的一些显著进展，重点关注光学检测方法（读出），特别强调了灵敏度、选择性和响应时间。我们还讨论了在这种方法能够转化为用于生物医学应用的强大诊断设备之前仍需解决的挑战。
