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存在性流离失所:挪威非正常移民的医疗保健和身体归属感缺失。

Existential Displacement: Health Care and Embodied Un/Belonging of Irregular Migrants in Norway.

机构信息

Department of Social Anthropology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.

出版信息

Cult Med Psychiatry. 2020 Dec;44(4):479-500. doi: 10.1007/s11013-020-09677-3.

Abstract

Drawing on fieldwork and interviews in Oslo and Bergen, Norway, this article discusses irregular migrants' experiences of existential displacement and the tactics they use to try to re-establish a sense of emplacement and belonging. More specifically, it argues that irregular migrants' experiences of embodied unbelonging are a consequence of a violent form of governmentality that includes specific laws, healthcare structures, and migration management rationalities. The article makes this argument by tracing how these experiences translate into embodied effects that feature prominently in migrants' narratives of suffering while living in a country that purports to provide welfare services to all. The narratives of their state of being-in-the-world are ways through which migrants both experience and express the violence and deprivation they face. I argue that these narratives are instances of structures of feeling (Williams 1973), which are shaped by modes of governmentality. The article shows that irregular migrants' coping strategies centrally involve faith, religious communities and friends. Irregular migrants draw on these relationships to get by, access healthcare, and to resist the (health) effects of social deprivation and political violence. These relationships allow irregular migrants to find meaningful ways of being-in-the-world and rebuilding, to some extent, a sense of entitlement and belonging.

摘要

本文以挪威奥斯陆和卑尔根的实地调查和访谈为基础,讨论了非正常移民的存在性流离失所经历,以及他们试图重新建立场所感和归属感所采用的策略。更具体地说,本文认为,非正常移民的身体上的不适属于治理的一种暴力形式的结果,这种治理形式包括具体的法律、医疗保健结构和移民管理合理性。本文通过追溯这些经历如何转化为突出体现在移民在声称向所有人提供福利服务的国家生活中的苦难叙述中的身体影响,来提出这一论点。他们在世状态的叙述是移民体验和表达他们所面临的暴力和剥夺的方式。我认为,这些叙述是情感结构(Williams 1973)的实例,这些结构受到治理模式的影响。本文表明,非正常移民的应对策略主要涉及信仰、宗教社区和朋友。非正常移民利用这些关系来维持生计、获得医疗保健,并抵制社会剥夺和政治暴力的(健康)影响。这些关系使非正常移民能够找到有意义的存在方式,并在一定程度上重建权利感和归属感。

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