Institute of Sport Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, 40-065 Katowice, Poland.
Department of Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-055 Katowice, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 May 26;17(11):3752. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17113752.
Background The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) during successive sets of the bench press (BP) exercise under blood flow restriction (BFR). Methods The study included 10 strength-trained males (age = 29.8 ± 4.6 years; body mass = 94.3 ± 3.6 kg; BP 1-repetition maximum (1RM) = 168.5 ± 26.4 kg). The experiment was performed following a randomized crossover design, where each participant performed two different exercise protocols: under blood flow restriction (BFR) and control test protocol (CONT) without blood flow restriction. During the experimental sessions, the study participants performed 3 sets of 3 repetitions of the BP exercise at 70%1RM with a 5 min rest interval between sets. The differences in peak power output (PP), mean power output (MP), peak bar velocity (PV), and mean bar velocity (MV) between the CONT and BFR conditions were examined using 2-way (condition × set) repeated measures ANOVA. Furthermore, t-test comparisons between conditions were made for the set 2-set 1, set 3-set 1, and set 3-set 2 delta values for all variables. Results The post hoc results for condition × set interaction in PP showed a significant increase in set 2 compared to set 1 for BFR ( < 0.01) and CONT ( = 0.01) conditions, a significant increase in set 3 compared to set 1 for the CONT ( = 0.01) condition, as well as a significant decrease in set 3 compared to set 1 for BFR condition occurred ( < 0.01). The post hoc results for condition × set interaction in PV showed a significant increase in set 2 compared to set 1 for BFR ( < 0.01) and CONT ( = 0.01) conditions, a significant increase in set 3 compared to set 1 for CONT ( = 0.03) condition, as well as a significant decrease in set 3 compared to set 1 for BFR condition ( < 0.01). The t-test comparisons showed significant differences in PP ( < 0.01) and PV ( = 0.01) for set 3-set 2 delta values between BFR and CONT conditions. Conclusion The PAPE effect was analyzed through changes in power output and bar velocity that occurred under both the CONT and BFR conditions. However, the effects of PAPE have different kinetics in successive sets for BFR and for CONT conditions.
本研究旨在评估在血流限制（BFR）下进行连续多组卧推（BP）运动时，后激活性能增强（PAPE）对运动表现的影响。
本研究纳入了 10 名力量训练男性（年龄=29.8±4.6 岁；体重=94.3±3.6kg；BP 1 重复最大值（1RM）=168.5±26.4kg）。实验采用随机交叉设计，每位参与者分别进行两种不同的运动方案：血流限制（BFR）和无血流限制的对照测试方案（CONT）。在实验过程中，参与者以 70%1RM 进行 3 组 3 次重复的 BP 运动，每组之间休息 5 分钟。采用 2 因素（条件×组）重复测量方差分析，比较 CONT 和 BFR 条件下的峰值功率输出（PP）、平均功率输出（MP）、峰值杆速度（PV）和平均杆速度（MV）的差异。此外，还对所有变量的组 2-组 1、组 3-组 1 和组 3-组 2 的差值进行了条件间的 t 检验比较。
PP 条件×组交互作用的事后分析结果显示，BFR（<0.01）和 CONT（=0.01）条件下，组 2 与组 1 相比显著增加，CONT（=0.01）条件下，组 3 与组 1 相比显著增加，BFR 条件下，组 3 与组 1 相比显著减少（<0.01）。PV 的条件×组交互作用的事后分析结果显示，BFR（<0.01）和 CONT（=0.01）条件下，组 2 与组 1 相比显著增加，CONT（=0.03）条件下，组 3 与组 1 相比显著增加，BFR 条件下，组 3 与组 1 相比显著减少（<0.01）。t 检验比较显示，BFR 和 CONT 条件下，组 3-组 2 差值的 PP（<0.01）和 PV（=0.01）差异有统计学意义。
通过 CONT 和 BFR 条件下的功率输出和杆速度变化，分析了 PAPE 效应。然而，BFR 和 CONT 条件下，连续多组运动中 PAPE 的效果具有不同的动力学。
