Rizzo Juliana, Rodrigues Marcio L, Janbon Guilhem
Unité Biologie des ARN des Pathogènes Fongiques, Département de Mycologie, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Curitiba, Brazil.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2020 Jul 15;10:346. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00346. eCollection 2020.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have garnered much interest in the cell biology and biomedical research fields. Many studies have reported the existence of EVs in all types of living cells, including in fifteen different fungal genera. EVs play diverse biological roles, from the regulation of physiological events and response to specific environmental conditions to the mediation of highly complex interkingdom communications. This review will provide a historical perspective on EVs produced by fungi and an overview of the recent discoveries in the field. We will also review the current knowledge about EV biogenesis and cargo, their role in cell-to-cell interactions, and methods of EV analysis. Finally, we will discuss the perspectives of EVs as vehicles for the delivery of biologically active molecules.
细胞外囊泡（EVs）在细胞生物学和生物医学研究领域引起了广泛关注。许多研究报告称，在包括十五个不同真菌属在内的所有类型的活细胞中都存在EVs。EVs发挥着多种生物学作用，从生理事件的调节、对特定环境条件的反应到高度复杂的跨界通讯的介导。本综述将提供关于真菌产生的EVs的历史观点以及该领域最近发现的概述。我们还将回顾关于EV生物发生和货物的当前知识、它们在细胞间相互作用中的作用以及EV分析方法。最后，我们将讨论EVs作为生物活性分子递送载体的前景。
