Department of Clinical Microbiology, Virology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Department of Clinical Microbiology, Infection and Immunology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Virol J. 2020 Dec 29;17(1):198. doi: 10.1186/s12985-020-01477-w.
Rodent borne hantaviruses are emerging viruses infecting humans through inhalation. They cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and hemorrhagic cardiopulmonary syndrome. Recently, hantaviruses have been detected in other small mammals such as Soricomorpha (shrews, moles) and Chiroptera (bats), suggested as reservoirs for potential pandemic viruses and to play a role in the evolution of hantaviruses. It is important to study the global virome in different reservoirs, therefore our aim was to investigate whether shrews in Sweden carried any hantaviruses. Moreover, to accurately determine the host species, we developed a molecular method for identification of shrews.
Shrews (n = 198), caught during 1998 in Sweden, were screened with a pan-hantavirus PCR using primers from a conserved region of the large genome segment. In addition to morphological typing of shrews, we developed a molecular based typing method using sequencing of the mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase I (COI) and cytochrome B (CytB) genes. PCR amplified hantavirus and shrew fragments were sequenced and phylogenetically analysed.
Hantavirus RNA was detected in three shrews. Sequencing identified the virus as Seewis hantavirus (SWSV), most closely related to previous isolates from Finland and Russia. All three SWSV sequences were retrieved from common shrews (Sorex araneus) sampled in Västerbotten County, Sweden. The genetic assay for shrew identification was able to identify native Swedish shrew species, and the genetic typing of the Swedish common shrews revealed that they were most similar to common shrews from Russia.
We detected SWSV RNA in Swedish common shrew samples and developed a genetic assay for shrew identification based on the COI and CytB genes. This was the first report of presence of hantavirus in Swedish shrews.
啮齿动物携带的汉坦病毒是通过吸入感染人类的新兴病毒。它们会引起肾综合征出血热和出血性心肺综合征。最近，在其他小型哺乳动物中，如鼩形目（鼩鼱、鼹鼠）和翼手目（蝙蝠）中发现了汉坦病毒，这些病毒被认为是潜在大流行病毒的储存宿主，并在汉坦病毒的进化中发挥作用。研究不同宿主中的全球病毒组非常重要，因此我们的目的是调查瑞典的鼩鼱是否携带任何汉坦病毒。此外，为了准确确定宿主种类，我们开发了一种鼩鼱分子鉴定方法。
1998 年在瑞典捕获的鼩鼱（n=198）用泛汉坦病毒 PCR 进行筛查，该 PCR 使用来自大基因组片段保守区域的引物。除了对鼩鼱进行形态分类外，我们还开发了一种基于分子的分类方法，使用线粒体细胞色素 C 氧化酶 I（COI）和细胞色素 B（CytB）基因的测序。对 PCR 扩增的汉坦病毒和鼩鼱片段进行测序和系统发育分析。
在三只鼩鼱中检测到汉坦病毒 RNA。测序结果表明，该病毒为 Seewis 汉坦病毒（SWSV），与之前在芬兰和俄罗斯分离的病毒最为密切相关。从瑞典维斯特博滕县采集的普通鼩鼱（Sorex araneus）中获得了所有三个 SWSV 序列。鼩鼱鉴定的遗传检测能够鉴定出本地的瑞典鼩鼱物种，而对瑞典普通鼩鼱的遗传分型表明，它们与俄罗斯的普通鼩鼱最为相似。
我们在瑞典普通鼩鼱样本中检测到 SWSV RNA，并基于 COI 和 CytB 基因开发了鼩鼱鉴定的遗传检测方法。这是首例在瑞典鼩鼱中发现汉坦病毒的报告。
