Wang Chao, Liu Mei, Wang Zhifei, Li Song, Deng Yan, He Nongyue
State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China.
Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, PR China.
Nano Today. 2021 Apr;37:101092. doi: 10.1016/j.nantod.2021.101092. Epub 2021 Feb 6.
The current widespread of COVID-19 all over the world, which is caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus, has again emphasized the importance of development of point-of-care (POC) diagnostics for timely prevention and control of the pandemic. Compared with labor- and time-consuming traditional diagnostic methods, POC diagnostics exhibit several advantages such as faster diagnostic speed, better sensitivity and specificity, lower cost, higher efficiency and ability of on-site detection. To achieve POC diagnostics, developing POC detection methods and correlated POC devices is the key and should be given top priority. The fast development of microfluidics, micro electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) technology, nanotechnology and materials science, have benefited the production of a series of portable, miniaturized, low cost and highly integrated POC devices for POC diagnostics of various infectious diseases. In this review, various POC detection methods for the diagnosis of infectious diseases, including electrochemical biosensors, fluorescence biosensors, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-based biosensors, colorimetric biosensors, chemiluminiscence biosensors, surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based biosensors, and magnetic biosensors, were first summarized. Then, recent progresses in the development of POC devices including lab-on-a-chip (LOC) devices, lab-on-a-disc (LOAD) devices, microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (PADs), lateral flow devices, miniaturized PCR devices, and isothermal nucleic acid amplification (INAA) devices, were systematically discussed. Finally, the challenges and future perspectives for the design and development of POC detection methods and correlated devices were presented. The ultimate goal of this review is to provide new insights and directions for the future development of POC diagnostics for the management of infectious diseases and contribute to the prevention and control of infectious pandemics like COVID-19.
由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）病毒引起的新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）目前在全球广泛传播，这再次凸显了即时检测（POC）诊断技术对于及时防控疫情的重要性。与耗时费力的传统诊断方法相比，POC诊断技术具有诊断速度更快、灵敏度和特异性更高、成本更低、效率更高以及能够现场检测等诸多优势。要实现POC诊断，开发POC检测方法及相关POC设备是关键，应予以高度重视。微流控技术、微机电系统（MEMS）技术、纳米技术和材料科学的快速发展，推动了一系列用于各种传染病POC诊断的便携式、小型化、低成本且高度集成的POC设备的生产。在本综述中，首先总结了用于传染病诊断且基于电化学、荧光、表面增强拉曼散射（SERS）、比色、化学发光、表面等离子体共振（SPR）和磁性的生物传感器等多种POC检测方法。然后，系统地讨论了POC设备开发方面的最新进展，包括芯片实验室（LOC）设备、光盘实验室（LOAD）设备、微流控纸基分析设备（PAD）、侧向流动设备、小型化聚合酶链反应（PCR）设备以及等温核酸扩增（INAA）设备。最后，阐述了POC检测方法及相关设备设计与开发面临的挑战和未来展望。本综述的最终目标是为传染病管理中POC诊断技术的未来发展提供新的见解和方向，并为防控如COVID-19这样的传染病大流行做出贡献。
